tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-69218345503224072152024-02-08T02:59:15.722-08:00Essay custom writingMikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.comBlogger52125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-19979482680565561572020-08-27T11:23:00.001-07:002020-08-27T11:23:04.506-07:00Role of 5-Methylcytosine Oxidation in Mammalian DevelopmentJob of 5-Methylcytosine Oxidation in Mammalian Development Iram Ali 5-methylcytosine (5mc) is the methylated type of DNA at the 5-position of the DNA base cytosine found in warm blooded creatures. Its centrality is in epigenetic alteration, which shows a significant job being developed and genome guideline. Moreover the oxidation of 5-methylcytosine in Tet catalyzed responses has been proposed to assume a fundamental job in the guideline of translation and quality articulation, and DNA de-methylation (Wu and Zhang, 2011). There has been a lot of examination into 5-methylcytosine oxidation; plainly demonstrating that 5-methylcytosine oxidation in the genome affects mammalian advancement because of its commitment to ordinary mammalian improvement just as being related with malady. This is a survey of late exploration in the key jobs of 5-methylcytosine oxidation items in the improvement of well evolved creatures. As depicted by Liu et al., (2013) the expansion of a methyl bunch during DNA methylation in warm blooded creatures happens at the situation of fifth carbon of cytosine deposits principally at CpG dinucleotide areas. Methylation of DNA assumes a job in curbing quality articulation including stifling transposable components (TEs) (Ito et el., 2011). This procedure of methylation is first settled during undeveloped advancement in embryogenesis and afterward held during cell division because of the nearness of different all over again DNA methyltransferases (DNMT). Examination shows the noteworthiness of cytosine methylation in mammalian improvement as it was seen that mice that need DNA methyltransferases will bite the dust at 4 years old weeks (Liu et al., 2013). 5-methylcytosine is an essential epigenetic marker, as methylation of cytosine in DNA has a principle job in quality articulation because of methylated qualities in the DNA having the option to communicate diversely despite the fact that the DNA arrangement continues as before. It has likewise been perceived that CpGs can be methylated in different zones of the genome because of contrasts in cell type and in purposes of advancement (Xu et al., 2013). Late investigations inside the past have recommended that deviation in DNA methylation example can make the procedure become inadequate through either detached or dynamic instruments. Aloof cytosine DNA demethylation alludes to expulsion of DNMT1 movement during cell division. Dynamic cytosine DNA demethylation alludes to the 5-methylcytosine being changed over to cytosine because of the evacuation of a methyl gathering, which is autonomous of DNA replication. These instruments of DNA demethylation are related with deserts being developed (Liu et al., 2013). A progression of enzymatic oxidation responses in the genome utilizing ten-eleven translocation 1-3 proteins, otherwise called TET dioxygenases, permit 5-methylcytosine to create 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5HmC), 5-formylcytosine (5FoC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5CaC). The Tet-catalyzed process depends on iron and alpha-ketoglutarate subordinate oxidation. This arrangement of oxidation responses is supposed to be connected to dynamic mammalian cytosine demethylation (Ito et al., 2011). DNA demethylation can be arranged as either worldwide alluding to genome wide, or locus explicit alluding to simply certain groupings being methylated. In well evolved creatures, genome wide DNA de-methylation is said to happen in mouse early stage germ cells (PGCs) in undeveloped organisms as right on time as E8.5-E11.5 days (Schomacher 2011). During early embryogenesis it has been proposed that expulsion followed by re-foundation of cytosine methylation happens in a procedure of major reconstructing. Because of the ten-eleven translocation proteins being able to change over 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, there is a likelihood that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine may work in an epigenetic way and may add to dynamic modifications in the guideline of translation and in DNA methylation during embryogenesis. Exploration shows that undeveloped undifferentiated organisms express elevated levels of the Tet dioxygenases Tet1, and sensibly significant levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine contrasted with numerous differential cells. The huge dissemination of Tet1 and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine all through the early stage immature microorganisms of the mouse genome, exhibit the job of Tet proteins and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in controlling quality articulation related with cell separation and pluripotency (Wu and Zhang, 2011)2. The event of oxidation of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in DNA to 5-carboxylcytosine, and resulting thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) extraction of 5-carboxycytosine is said to set up a course for dynamic DNA demethylation. Also concentrate into TDG decrease in mouse early stage foundational microorganisms has been found to cause an apparent develop of 5-carboxylcytosine. Examination demonstrated that 5-carboxylcytosine was missing in the early stage immature microorganisms and neurons of mice who introduced elevated levels of Tet dioxygenases. Anyway 5-carboxylcytosine supposedly was artificially steady and didn't uninhibitedly decarboxylate to cytosine, inferring that in genomic DNA, 5-carboxylcytosine might be effectively expelled legitimately subsequent to being created in cells (He et al., 2011). Moreover, it is recommended that oxidation items 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine can participate in the base extraction fix (BER) system. This permits 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine to be extracted trailed by being fixed prompting recovery as unmodified cytosines by thymine DNA glycosylase. Exploration, utilizing genome wide circulation maps, into TDG insufficient undeveloped immature microorganisms, found that decrease of TDG in mouse early stage undifferentiated organisms caused perceptible develop of 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine in qualities. Consequently, these outcomes infer that dynamic DNA demethylation is TDG subordinate and happens broadly in the mammalian genome (Shen et el., 2013). Furthermore, so as to decide whether oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine happens in the zygote in vivo, research was directed in which antibodies were delivered explicit for 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine. An immuno-recoloring method confirmed that the consumption of 5-methylcytosine in the mouse fatherly pronucleus is attending with the nearness of 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine. It was strikingly huge that as opposed to being in a flash evacuated, both oxidation items showed weakening which was replication-subordinate during preimplantation improvement in mice. (Inoue et al., 2011) It is all around perceived that 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is related with mammalian turn of events, as studies show the significance of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine movement in both aloof and dynamic DNA demethylation, during periods of reinventing being developed. It has additionally been discovered that mind tissue has bountiful measure of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine recommending that the mammalian cerebrum depends on 5-hydroxymethylcytosine for advancement. As of late, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine has additionally been related with an expected job in disease as momentum research has recommended that the degrees of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine are impressively diminished in tumor cells. Furthermore it has been suggested that changes in the Tet2 protein can cause absence of capacity which may likewise be embroiled in tumor concealment (Pfeifer et al., 2013). All in all, changed adaptations of cytosine because of oxidation by Tet proteins, are significant in the jobs of DNA demethylation and reconstructing of foundational microorganisms. Thus, future extra examination into the capacity of Tet proteins and further propelled immature microorganism exploration could profit by getting more information into adjustments in DNA methylation. This will extraordinarily create comprehension of epigenetic guideline in typical mammalian turn of events and infection. References Wu, H. also, Zhang, Y. (2011) Mechanisms and elements of Tet protein-interceded 5-methylcytosine oxidation Genes Dev, 25 (23), pp. 2436-2452 Liu, S., Wang, J., Su, Y., Guerrero, C., Zeng, Y., Mitra, D., Brooks, P. J., Fisher, D. E., Song, H. also, Wang, Y. (2013) Quantitative evaluation of Tet-incited oxidation results of 5-methylcytosine in cell and tissue DNA Nucleic acids research, 41 (13), pp. 6421-6429 Ito, S., Shen, L., Dai, Q., Wu, S. C., Collins, L. B., Swenberg, J. A., He, C. also, Zhang, Y. (2011) Tet proteins can change over 5-methylcytosine to 5-formylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine Science, 333 (6047), pp. 1300-1303 Xu, Y., Wu, F., Tan, L., Kong, L., Xiong, L., Deng, J., Barbera, A. J., Zheng, L., Zhang, H., Huang, S. also, Others. (2011) Genome-wide guideline of 5hmC, 5mC, and quality articulation by Tet1 hydroxylase in mouse early stage foundational microorganisms Molecular cell, 42 (4), pp. 451-464 Schomacher, L. (2013) Mammalian DNA demethylation Epigenetics, 8 (7), pp. 679-684 Wu, H. also, Zhang, Y. (2011) Tet1 and 5-hydroxymethylation Cell Cycle, 10 (15), pp. 2428-2436 He, Y., Li, B., Li, Z., Liu, P., Wang, Y., Tang, Q., Ding, J., Jia, Y., Chen, Z., Li, L. also, Others. (2011) Tet-interceded arrangement of 5-carboxylcytosine and its extraction by TDG in mammalian DNA Science, 333 (6047), pp. 1303-1307 Shen, L., Wu, H., Diep, D., Yamaguchi, S., Dââ¬â¢Alessio, A. C., Fung, H., Zhang, K. what's more, Zhang, Y. (2013) Genome-wide examination uncovers TET-and TDG-subordinate 5-methylcytosine oxidation elements Cell, 153 (3), pp. 692-706 Inoue, A., Shen, L., Dai, Q., He, C. what's more, Zhang, Y. (2011) Generation and replication-subordinate weakening of 5fC and 5caC during mouse preimplantation advancement Cell research, 21 (12), pp. 1670-1676 Pfeifer, G. P., Kadam, S. what's more, Jin, S. (2013) 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and its expected jobs being developed and malignant growth Epigenetics Chromatin, 6 (10), pp. 1-9. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-59596375638940001132020-08-22T11:43:00.001-07:002020-08-22T11:43:18.521-07:00The Outsider Essay ExampleThe Outsider Paper The Outsiders S. E. Indication No adversary packs, just Soc. What's more, you cannot win against them regardless of how diligently you attempt, in light of the fact that theyve got all the breaks and in any event, whipping them isnt going to change that reality. The Outsiders a novel that was first distributed In 1 967 by the creator S. E Hint Is not just a novel about pack attitude and posse contention but on the other hand is about how an individual could feel like an outcast dependent on where they live or how much cash they have. In Pony Boys case it was his evaluations that caused him to feel like an outcast inside his own family. Horse Boys an extraordinary case of what happens when you are associated with packs, savagery and so forth. You can turn into an outcast rapidly simply dependent on gossipy tidbits and what individuals accept that groups resemble. S. E Hint was 16 when she composed this novel thus Im expecting that she was encircled by something very similar the character Pony Boy was raised in. Greaser Oh survivor of condition, oppressed, spoiled no-tally hood. is Just a portion of the things that individuals used to portray the greasers, these days names like that are still seed to depict the oppressed individuals that may not be too off as the upper or center classed individuals. We will compose a custom article test on The Outsider explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on The Outsider explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on The Outsider explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer I feel like these names are terrible as well as Incredibly debasing; nobody ought to be known as a spoiled no-tally hood, regardless of the condition. Horse Boys economic wellbeing likewise lead to him being somewhat separated during his tutoring, this in itself is sufficient to drive anybody to begin to abandon what theyre doing. Horse Boy did an entirely honorable thing by deciding to disregard these names and keep on endeavoring as well as could be expected; this, as I would see it, is an exceedingly amendable quality to have. Unexpectedly it was totally silent. We had all solidified. No one in my family had ever hit me. No one When Diary hit Pony Boy a ton of emotions would have been racing through his head, a major one would have been Dally doesnt love me, no one does. This specific inclination Is very basic in adolescents however one thing that we have to authenticity Is that we are adored UN-restrictively. Right now, Pony Boy TLD authenticity this however towards the finish of the novel he before long gets mindful of It, this Is a key defining moment In the novel. Love Is an extremely compelling feeling and shouldnt be underestimated or overlooked, in spite of the fact that it very well may be lost inside the dimness of society and stress, it tends to be found in even the littlest of grins. Being marked by society was something that was a fundamental concentration in the book is as yet a major thing in the general public today. In spite of the fact that individuals are attempting to get the message heard, it still isnt breaking through to specific individuals. Be that as it may, I goat accomplish something. It appears as though theres goat be somewhere without greasers or Soc, with simply individuals. Plain, common individuals. Horse Boy is yearning for a world without a social progressive system, a world that everybody is treated as equivalents, instead of on how much cash they have or on their appearance. By and by I feel firmly on this point on the grounds that as a kid I was dealt with diversely due to my hair shading and in light of the way that I likewise wore glasses. This Is a corrupting inclination and It can cause you to feel loathsome. At the point when I was perusing the book I continued attempting to place myself In the situation of the greasers and how they would feel in the wake of being separated by the cocos. This marking. S. E Hint has given great knowledge to the life of a high school kid that has been raised in pack and hasnt had the best life yet winds up dealing with a portion of the cocos and his other relatives. Horse Boy was an extremely solid character whose life wasnt so great however he despite everything figured out how to appreciate most of it. With all the show that had carried on during this novel I imagine that Pony Boy made an extraordinary Showing of remaining solid and keeping to terms with his sentiments. He is a sympathetic character, who will consistently attempt to see things from the two perspectives, l mean I cannot favor one side. Itd be much simpler in the event that I could be I see the two sides. In spite of the fact that he did snap and run, when he understood how his family were feeling, he was beginning to re-think his decisions and concede that he wasn't right to do as such; conceding youre wrong to another person is hard, however letting it out to yourself is the hardest. This to me shows that despite the fact that he has not been raised in the best of spots, he despite everything has a brilliant future in front of him. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-2314153809350391182020-08-21T09:25:00.001-07:002020-08-21T09:25:15.031-07:00Blog Archive Stanford Graduate School of Business Essay Analysis, 20152016 Blog Archive Stanford Graduate School of Business Essay Analysis, 2015â"2016 *Please note: You are viewing an essay analysis from the 2015-2016 admissions cycle. Click here to view our collection of essay analyses for the current admissions season. We hate to read too much into minutiae, but the Stanford Graduate School of Business (GSB) has expanded its maximum word count allowance by 50 words this year, so that applicants now have 1,150 words with which to work. The school suggests that candidates use those additional words for their second essay, though applicants in fact have the leeway to allocate them however they please. We have to wonder whether Stanford did not see the depth of knowledge it had hoped or expected for its âWhy Stanford?â essay last year, when fewer words were available. Perhaps the school wanted to give applicants a little more room in which to show that they really know what the GSB is all about. Aside from the slight change in total word count, the schoolâs essay questions have not changed at all. Here we go⦠Stanford Graduate School of Business Essay 1: What matters most to you, and why? (School-suggested word count of 750) For this essay, we would like you to: Focus on the âwhyâ rather than the âwhat.â Do some deep self-examination, so you can genuinely illustrate who you are and how you came to be the person you are. Share the insights, experiences, and lessons that shaped your perspectives, rather than focusing merely on what youâve done or accomplished. Write from the heart, and illustrate how a person, situation, or event has influenced you. When candidates ask us, âWhat should I write for what matters most to me?,â we offer a pretty simple tip: start brainstorming for this essay by asking yourself that very question: âWhat matters most to me?â This might seem like obvious advice, of course, but many applicants get flustered by the questionâ"often believing that an actual ârightâ answer exists that they must identifyâ"and never pause to actually consider their sincere responses, which are typically the most compelling. We therefore advise that you brainstorm in depth and push yourself to explore the psychological and philosophical motivations behind your goals and achievementsâ"behind who you are today. We cannot emphasize this enough: do not make a snap decision about the content of this essay. Once you have identified what you believe is an appropriate theme, discuss your idea(s) with those with whom you are closest and whose input you respect. Doing so can help validate deeply personal and authentic themes, leading to an essay that truly stands out. Once you have fully examined your options and identified your main themes, do not simply provide a handful of supporting anecdotesâ"or worse, recycle the stories you used in a similar essay for another school. A strong essay response to this question will involve a true exploration of the themes you have chosen and reveal a thorough analysis of decisions, motives and successes/failures, with a constant emphasis on how you conduct yourself. If you are merely telling stories and trying to tie in your preconceived conclusions, you are most likely forcing a theme on your reader rather than analyzing your experiences, and this will be transparent to any experienced admissions reader. In short, be sure to fully consider and develop your most sincere answer(s), outline your essay accordingly and then infuse your writing with your personality, thoughts, feelings and experiences. Stanford encourages you to given special attention to why the subject you have chosen to write about is the most important to you. This should be clear in your essayâ"it should be implied by what you are exploring. If you need to explicitly declare, âAnd what matters most to me isâ¦,â your essay is most likely not making a strong enough point. A well-constructed essay that is infused with your values and motivation and that clearly conveys why you made certain decisions should effectively and implicitly reveal the âwhyâ behind your chosen topicâ"and will almost always make a stronger point. One final note is that you can write about a popular theme as long as you truly own the experience. However, the odds of you writing about a theme that the Stanford GSBâs admissions committee has never read about before are not very high. You can discuss whatever you truly care about in your essay, but you absolutely must support your topic with a wealth of experience that shows how you have uniquely lived it. Therefore, for example, you cannot successfully write about âmaking a differenceâ if you have volunteered only occasionally, but if you have truly made a significant difference in someoneâs life, then the topic is no longer a clichéâ"it is true to who you are. So, focus less on trying to choose the ârightâ subject for your essay and more on identifying one that is personal and authentic to you. If you write powerfully about your topic and connect it directly to your experiences and values, then your essay should be a winner. Essay 2: Why Stanford? (School-suggested word count of 400) Enlighten us on how earning your MBA at Stanford will enable you to realize your ambitions. Explain your decision to pursue graduate education in management. Explain the distinctive opportunities you will pursue at Stanford. One of our favorite admissions quotes is from Stanfordâs assistant dean for MBA admissions, Derrick Bolton, who declared, âResist the urge to âpackageâ yourself in order to come across in a way you think Stanford wantsâ (emphasis added). What the admissions committee really wants is to know what and/or who you want to be. The school does not have a preferred job or industry in mind and expect to hear that you plan to fill that spaceâ"the admissions committee wants to understand your true vision and understand why you feel Stanford is necessary in facilitating this vision. If you try to present yourself as someone or something you are not, you will ultimately undermine your candidacy. Trust the admissions committee on this one! Because Personal Statements are similar from one application to the next, we have produced the mbaMission Personal Statement Guide, which helps applicants write this style of essay for any school. We offer this guide to candidates free of charge. Please feel free to download your copy today. And for a thorough exploration of the Stanford GSBâs academic program/merits, defining characteristics, crucial statistics, social life, academic environment and more, please check out the mbaMission Insiderâs Guide to the Stanford Graduate School of Business. The Next Stepâ"Mastering Your Stanford GSB Interview: Many MBA candidates find admissions interviews stressful and intimidating, but mastering this important element of the application process is definitely possibleâ"the key is informed preparation. And, on your way to this high level of preparation, we offer our free Interview Primers to spur you along! Download your free copy of the Stanford GSB Interview Primer today. Share ThisTweet 2015-2016 MBA Essay Analysis Stanford University (Stanford Graduate School of Business) Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-3968252879015780502020-05-25T16:57:00.001-07:002020-05-25T16:57:02.646-07:00The Process Of Revising My Curriculum Vitae ( Cv ) For... In the process of revising my curriculum vitae (CV) for future applications, I realize that I need a creative writing course. I realize that I am severely deficient in creative writing courses during my undergraduate and now my graduate career. ââ¬Å"Ah a poetry class, how hard can that be?â⬠I think to myself as I register for a new term and without any realization, I am about to be schooled. I believe my ignorance about the process of writing poetry plays in my favor because I do not arrive to class the first day with preconceived ideas. I am completely oblivious to the artistic shark tank I have submerged myself. The first day of a course always brings the anxiety of reading the syllabus for the course and trying to complete an entire semesterââ¬â¢s worth of assignments in one full read through. I learned many years ago to focus on the semester and assignments in single doses. As I read through the document, I have the smallest twinge of panic when I learn I will be req uired to produce ten poems and then breathe a sigh of relief when my hand is held with prompts. When someone is learning to swim usually the instructor will hold the student buoyant in the water until they learn to tread water on their own. I learn the very first day of poetry class that my semester will be about being resilient in the water of poetry. Oscar Wilde once said ââ¬Å"Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery that mediocrity can pay to greatnessâ⬠and the first prompt feeds into his idea. The idea is to Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-22278515391068860292020-05-14T23:14:00.001-07:002020-05-14T23:14:02.766-07:00What Is Western Civilization - 2205 Words 1. What is Western Civilization? Western civilization or the western culture that is broadly used in describing the heritage that is found in a normal society i.e. the ethical values, social norms, beliefs, political, specific artefacts, the technologies used and the political systems found in that society, that have some resemblance with that from European countries. This effect was felt because it was carried either through colonization or modern day immigration, hence the culture is transferred from the host nation to the new and diverse frontiers like Africa, Australasia and the Americas. This culture is not restricted to only the Europe where it originated from but can also be seen in far and wide across the globe. There are feature which enable the learners to understand better what characterize western civilization and include; literary, artistic, legal themes, philosophic and the traditions. Christianity was also part of western civilization because they introduced it to other parts of the world during those times when religion was done by natives and how they understood it well. In the process the masters ensured that the converts adhered to the foreignerââ¬â¢s way of life in those countries. They used Christianity to penetrate even the hostile environment of the world like Africaââ¬â¢s and the Americas, were the native used rudimentary methods to survive. In the middle ages, western civilization experienced growth because those days, Christianity was gaining inroads toShow MoreRelatedIn What Ways Were the Byzantine and Islamic Civilizations Different from Civilizations Developing in Western Europe? in What Ways Are They Similar?984 Words à |à 4 Pageswriter also touches on how landowners got their labor force back ââ¬â by sharecropping and the credit system, which seems to be eerily similar to the ââ¬Ëcompany storeââ¬â¢ in the coal miners days. When credit was due from sharecropping and the negro did not get what was promised, he would say, ââ¬Å"You know how that was. You dassent dispute a [white] manââ¬â¢s word thenâ⬠(Litwack 448). Overall, some interesting and new information, especially, the landownersââ¬â¢ interaction with the free Negro , was gleaned from reading thisRead MorePlatos Influence on the Western Civilization950 Words à |à 4 Pages Plato and His Relation to Western Civilization Plato is one of the succinct psychologists, analyst, and scholar the world has ever had. He is a lucrative figure in the birth, generation, and early development of the western civilization. His contributions through ethics, politics, religion, symposiums, and dialogues with Socrates exemplify a myriad of his works since he was a young scholar. He participated in a number of events, theoretical appearances, and analysis, and posting of theoriesRead MoreEarly Western Civilization: Molded by Conflict or Consensus842 Words à |à 3 Pages The question has been posed whether early Western Civilization was molded by conflict between civilizations or by consensus between divergent civilizations. 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Robert Marks provides his own examples and theories to prove Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-60413512234301766212020-05-06T15:50:00.001-07:002020-05-06T15:50:18.030-07:00President Ronald Reagan And President Reagan - 1351 Words Being president is a huge responsibility, and there are some who have done an excellent job. Then there are others who have made our economy, as well as our country, go down the drain. However, I have to hand it to President Ronald Wilson Reagan, because the time he was in office he really pumped the country up, and did a tremendous job running it as well as helping in every way he could. Ronald Reagan was born on February 6, 1911, in Tampico, Illinois. Reagan passed away June 5, 2004, and was buried in Simi Valley, California. He graduated from Eureka College in 1932 with a ââ¬Å"Bachelor s of Arts degree in social science and economics.â⬠Before Mr. Reagan was president he was also an actor, and performed in 53 different movies. He was of the Christian religion. President Ronald Reagan was the 40th president, and part of the Republican party. The First Lady was Nancy Reagan, and the Vice President was George H.W. Bush while Ronald Reagan was in office. They were successful wit h two terms together from 1981 until 1989. Obviously Reagan liked politics, and definitely caught his attention since that is what he graduated from college with. But, his political views really shifted from liberal to republican in the 1960ââ¬â¢s while supporting Nixon in Nixonââ¬â¢s campaign in California against Pat Brown. Reagan did quite a few General Electric speeches for Nixon as well in his campaign. The result from these speeches was merely freedom is what the people got from these speeches.Show MoreRelatedRonald Reagan And President Reagan Essay1884 Words à |à 8 Pagesrealize greatness, it is Ronald Reagan. And if there is a context in which to view the Presidency of Ronald Wilson Reagan, it is in the context of economics. In two scholarly biographies of our 40th president, The Reagan Effect by John W. Sloan, professor of political science at The University of Houston, and The Reagan Years written by several scholars and edited by Joseph Hogan, professor and hea d of the Department of Management at Birmingham Polytechnic Business School, Reagan and his presidency areRead MorePresident Reagan Vs. Ronald Reagan2001 Words à |à 9 PagesQuestion 2 Our current United State s president has a unique, magical, presidential gift of communication paired with strong president achievements. This special gift is something we saw 28 years ago in another president that America admired just as much and that was President Ronald Reagan. Barack Obama in certain occasions has been compared to Ronald Reagan, by having very similar leadership styles. However, since I was not born yet during Ronald Reagan s time in office, I am solely basing myRead MoreThe Assassination Of President Ronald Reagan1629 Words à |à 7 PagesThe attempted assassination of former President Ronald Reagan was a horrifying day for many people that were attending his speech; sadly James Brady was at the wrong place on the wrong day. Reagan was not severely injured but Brady certainly was, Brady ended up in critical condition! After recovering from the gunshot, Brady became a serious advocate for an anti-weapon organization, which is why there is currently an organization named after him. The lack of gun control is the main leading effectsRead MoreEssay on The Legacy of President Ronald Reagan1141 Words à |à 5 Pages During the 1980s, the legacy of Ronald Reagan was reflected upon the Iran-Contra affair, the fall of communism, and the impact of illegal drugs. The Iran-Contra affair jeopardized the very legacy of the president. Reagan was appraised for and credited for the fall of the Soviet Union and the end of the global threat of communism. Another form of threat to the legacy of Reagan and his administration was the threat of illegal drugs in the United States. Thus proving how much the 1980s was an era ofRead MorePresident Ronald Reagan s Speech945 Words à |à 4 Pages40th President, Ronald Reagan, gave one of his most famous speeches, Remarks at the Br andenburg Gate. In this speech Reagan s aimed to expand democracy through Easter Berlin. Throughout the speech, Reagan used rhetorical devices that made his speech affective. By balancing ethos, logos and pathos in his speech Reagan was able to persuade the Soviet Union leader, Mikhail Gorbachev, and his partisans take a step forward in creating a world piece and reunite East Berlin with West Berlin. Reagan alsoRead MoreBiography of President Ronald Wilson Reagan948 Words à |à 4 PagesRonald Wilson Reagan was born in Tampico, Illinois on February 6, 1911 to Jack and Nelle Reagan. Jack enjoyed to talk politics, was an alcoholic, and often got drunk and lost his job, while Nelle was a very modest woman and helped the poor. Reagan was reading by age five from his mom teaching him and was baptized into the Disciple of Christ at age 11. In his free time he played football, ran track, and performed in plays, which he continued to do in his college, Eureka CollegeRead MoreA Nation At Risk By President Ronald Reagan843 Words à |à 4 PagesSince prior to the 1980ââ¬â¢s, the American education system has rapidly declined in all areas. The article, ââ¬Å"A Nation at Risk,â⬠written by President Ronald Reagan, depicts the many issues in the U.S. school systems regarding the content, standard and expectations, time, teaching, and leadership and fiscal support. This piece, apparently, has led the country into an extreme educational reform to improve all aspects of our school system. Based on my experiences in high school, student test scores, andRead MoreIs Ronald Reagan Under or Overrated as a President? Essay675 Words à |à 3 Pages Is Ronald Reagan overrated or underrated as a president? Born Ronald Wilson Reagan on February 6, 1911 in Tampico, Illinois. He was an actor for 30 years before he became involved in politics. He starred in more than 50 movies. Along with acting, he was also a radio sportscaster. He served as the 33rd Governor of California. He was married to Jane Wyman from 1940 to 1949. He married Nancy Davis in 1952. President Ronald Reagan was our 40th president of the United States. He came intoRead MoreRonald Reagan s President Of The United States1129 Words à |à 5 PagesAmerican people elected Ronald Reagan as President of the United States of America. Many people claim that Reagan was one of the greatest presidents of all time, while others believe that the country would have been much better off had Reagan never been elected. Regardless of their political preferences, it is undeniable that Ronald Reagan changed the world in the 1980s and his work as president will be forever remembered in the countless books of history. Ronald Reagan ran as a Republican andRead MorePresident Ronald Reagan s Foreign Policy1147 Words à |à 5 PagesSome may say, President Ronald Reagan was defined by his foreign policy. Some may also consider that he made difficult decisions during his presidency in America. Unfortunately, he also made many mistakes as a president. Some think that his foreign policy i s one of the errors that he made. Even though he was an important factor in ending the Cold War, people on his foreign policy team ended up killing American soldiers. Historically, many considered that a person either liked Reagan or they were against Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-83265567628421003292020-05-05T18:06:00.001-07:002020-05-05T18:06:27.984-07:00Performance Management and Strategy Question: Discuss about the Performance Management and Strategy. Answer: Introduction: Strategic planning for an organization is a strategy for taking the perfect decision as well as allocating the required resources for achieving the goals of the organization. The mission and vision of the company has to be clearly defined before the strategic planning is one. However, a flawed mission statement might prove to be dangerous for the organization. This assignment highlights the dangers of flawed mission statement. The effects of flawed mission statement on the mission of individual as well as on the units mission have also been mentioned in this assignment. Dangers of having flawed mission statement Mission statements are important for the strategic planning of an organization. However, a flawed mission statement could de-motivate the employees as well as deteriorate the organizational performance (Campbell Tawadey, 2016). A flawed mission statement misguides the employees and deviates them from the goals that they are suppose to achieve. Effects of flawed mission on units and individuals mission Flawed mission statements deprive the individual employees to achieve their goals and enhance their career. Moreover, the career goals and quest for achieving excellence is lost by flawed mission statements (Van Tulder, 2015). The units goals are remains unachieved by the employees due to the flawed mission statement. A mission statement is supposed to be well-defined such that there is no scope of misinterpretation. As a short term effect of flawed mission statement, the immediate goals and targets of the organization remains unachieved. However, as a long term effect, a flawed mission statement might result in loss of good will of the company. References Campbell, A., Tawadey, K. (2016).Mission and business philosophy. Elsevier. Van Tulder, R. (2015). Getting all motives right: a holistic approach to internationalization motives of companies.The Multinational Business Review,23(1), 36-56. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-9733932412524066272020-04-11T13:12:00.001-07:002020-04-11T13:12:02.922-07:00Chysanthemums By John Steinbecks Essays - The Chrysanthemums, Elisa Chysanthemums By John Steinbecks At first glance John Steinbeck's "The Chrysanthemums" seems to be a story about a woman whose niche is in the garden. Upon deeper inspection the story has strong notes of feminism in the central character Elisa Allen. Elisa's actions and feelings reflect her struggle as a woman trying and failing to emasculate herself in a male dominated society. Elisa is at her strongest and most proud in the garden and becomes weak when placed in feminine positions such as going out to dinner with her husband. Steinbeck smartly narrates this woman's frequent shifts between femininity and masculinity over a short period of time. In the opening of the story Elisa is emasculated by the description of her clothing. She wears "a man's black hat pulled low down over her eyes, clodhopper shoes, a figured print dress almost completely covered by a big corduroy apron..." (paragraph 5). When Elisa's husband Henry comes over and compliments her garden and ability to grow things Elisa is smug with him and very proud of her skill with the flowers. Her "green thumb" makes her an equal in her own eyes. When Elisa's husband asks her if she would like to go to dinner her feminine side comes out. She is excited to go eat at a restaurant and states that she would much rather go to the movies than go see the fights, she "wouldn't like the fight's" at all (paragraph 21). Elisa is taken aback with her own submissiveness and quickly becomes preoccupied with her flowers as soon as her husband leaves. When the drifter comes and asks Elisa for work to do she is stern with him and refuses him a job. She acts as a man would to another strange man and becomes irritated. When he persists in asking her she reply's "I tell you I have nothing like that for you to do" (paragraph 46). The drifter mentions Elisa's chrysanthemums and she immediately loosens up as "the irritation and resistance melt(ed) from her face" (paragraph 51). The drifter feigns great interest in Elisa's chrysanthemums and asks her many questions about them. He tells her he knows a lady who said to him "if you ever come across some nice chrysanthemums I wish you'd try to get me a few seeds" (paragraph 56). Elisa is overjoyed by any interest in her flowers and gives the man chrysanthemum sprouts to bring to his friend. Her bubbly enthusiasm for her flowers is blatantly feminine in characteristic. When the drifter leaves Elisa seems like a transformed woman. She is feeling strong emotions for him. She is intrigued by the way he lives on the road and wishes"women could do such things" (paragraph 80). As she watches him leave her emotions are displayed: "Elisa stood in front of the wire fence watching the slow progress of the caravan. Her shoulders were, straight, her head thrown back, her eyes half closed, so that the scene came vaguely into them. Her lips moved silently, forming the words ?Good-bye----good-bye.' Then she whispered, ?That's a bright direction. There's a glowing there'" (paragraph 92). As Elisa retreats into her house to get ready for her night out with her husband she is truly feminized. She bathes and "primps" carefully, putting on "her newest under-clothing and her nicest stockings and the dress which was the symbol of her prettiness" (paragraph 94). She is pleased with the way she looks. As Elisa's husband Henry comes outside and comments on her beauty Elisa quickly stiffens. "What do you mean by ?nice?'" she asks him (paragraph 100). Elisa is taken aback by this feminine term to describe her. Henry replaces the word nice with "strong and happy" and she is satisfied with the exchange of words (paragraph 100). She boasts that she is stronger than she ever knew she was. As Elisa and Henry drive down the road her strength is quickly abolished. "Far ahead on the road Elisa saw a dark speck. She knew" (paragraph 108). Seeing the chrysanthemums lying on the side of the road is a hard slap in the face for Elisa. She feels weak, betrayed and feminine. She has no desire to try and be strong. She turns her head away from Henry so that he can "not see that she was crying weakly--- like an old woman" (paragraph 121). Elisa's desperation to be a person that she can not be is touching. Steinbeck makes it very easy to relate to this woman's struggle for strength and contentment in a life that Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-64590937058828864302020-03-10T07:31:00.001-07:002020-03-10T07:31:02.480-07:00Gender Selection essaysGender Selection essays For centuries there had been one sex that dominated the development of society. Laws, religion and lifestyle all revolved around the idea that one sex, the male sex, was dominant. Oppressed and considered inferior, women would obey the men, forgo all rights and accept all responsibility. Only recently, with the emergence of the womens liberation movement, have both sexes been considered equal. For the first time in human history, both sexes have been given the chance to fulfill their potentials without discrimination. Parents, despite preferences of having a girl, or a boy, have known that regardless, their child would have an equal opportunity at life. The cutting edge technology, however, means that all this could change. The ability of parents to actually select the gender of their child could have not only devastating effects on society, but on the lives of so many children and parents. Whether parents had a girl or a boy has always been left up to nature to decide. To date, no-one has dared interfere with the genetic workings of the body, mainly because the technology did not exist to do it. Now, with the dawn of the twenty- first century, that technology has arrived and mankind is faced with a very important decision: whether or not to play God and manipulate the gender of their child to suit their preferences. The romance of having the perfect nuclear family, with two boys and two girls fills the heads of young couples everywhere, and when given the opportunity, many are likely to accept and genetically alter their offspring so that they do indeed have two girls and two boys. The consequences are largely unknown, and could be dire. Technology can alter the sex. What altering the genetic makeup of a human being does to that human being is untested, and highly dangerous. New diseases could emerge, capable of wiping out the human population. The gender modifying co uld alter another aspect of that pe ... Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-42807087024798535562020-02-22T21:55:00.001-08:002020-02-22T21:55:03.201-08:00Design management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsDesign management - Essay Example Design thinking is a problem solving process used to find most suitable and most creative solutions for any type of problem in order to get success and produce desired results. The four key stages of design thinking process include defining the problem, considering different solutions to the problem, refining the selected directions, and picking and applying the selected solution to the identified problem. The process of design thinking combines various critical factors which are directly involved in the success of any business. These factors include creativity, ingenuity and rationality. All these factors are combined in the process of design thinking in order to find proper solutions regarding different issues, to meet demands of the customers, and to make a business successful in a competitive market. Talking about design thinking, letââ¬â¢s also discuss the role of decision thinking process in the success of any business. Not a single business can achieve success and market domination without implementing appropriate decision making and problem solving methods and processes. These two processes act as pillars for the foundation of any business. If any of these important factors is ignored, success of the business can never be achieved. Design thinking is one of these processes and is widely used as a repeatable problem solving protocol in order to achieve extraordinary and progressive results for various businesses. Design thinking not only helps an organization in exploring the future of the organization in a competitive market but also helps in detecting and minimizing the risks related to the businesses. Hambrose (2010) asserts that ââ¬Å"design thinking - shorthand for the role of design in a business - allows an organization to explore the future, test innovations and m inimize risk cheaplyâ⬠. Today most companies and organizations make a great use of decision thinking approach because it not only helps the Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-36303311100630686142020-02-06T14:43:00.001-08:002020-02-06T14:43:03.130-08:00Worker attributes needed in the new economy AssignmentWorker attributes needed in the new economy - Assignment Example However, that is not the case for a large number of students who clear from college or university as hopefuls. There are a number of attributes that have contributed to this job decreasing trend, the major one being the global economy. The global economy in most countries had taken a turn for the worse and in some instances, some nationsââ¬â¢ economies have become worst where the labour market has been completely affected and there are no jobs that come by easily. A good example is the USA; over the past few years the economy has been affected by a variety of events such as financing of US soldiers to different parts of the world in a bid to propagate peace, interest accumulations from debts and the changing trends of the global economy in terms of access to energy and natural resources. The extent to which the labour market has been affected is not reversible. This is due to the reason that more and more graduates are completing school and falling into the same problem. Additiona lly, a majority of graduates who graduated almost two years ago are still looking for their preferred jobs. Even those who manage to get their first job out of campus still do not get satisfied with the salaries scale. In a 2009 to 2010 study that was conducted based on the salaries that fresh graduates received after a four year college course, it was realized that on an annual scale, a majority of these graduates earn approximately $ 27,000. When compared to the same survey that was conducted in 2006 to 2008, there was a $ 3,000 decline (Rampell, 2013, p. 175). Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-88898400255179791052020-01-28T21:40:00.001-08:002020-01-28T21:40:03.967-08:00My Best Friend Essay Example for Free My Best Friend Essay Everyone has a friend with whom you feel like sharing every moment of your life. I am lucky that I found one .We have known each other since I was in grade 7. To me, he is really special boy. Not only does he has a good appearance, he also has a good personality. He is smart and handsome. However, the thing that makes everybody like him the most is his personality .He is always very positive, cheerful and modest. Hes one of the best student in my class. Hes good at every subject, but she never showed pride in his abilities and always tried to learn harder. Besides, hes always ready to help her friends in their study. Thats why many people in my class cherished him. Furthermore, he is very warm-hearted and friendly .Though he is bit different from every guy I have met so far, he fails to express himself most of the times , apart from this he is very caring, kind, and makes friends selflessly. Moreover, to me, he is a great friend who always knows how to take care and share. Whenever Im sad or cheerful, happy or in sorrow, hes always next to me to share with me. Sometimes, I get into trouble, which makes me tired , worried and discouraged, he is always willing to come beside me, help me calm down, give me helpful advice so that I can come over. Not only that, he is very reliable, I can share my secrets with him without a bit worries. He is really a person who always listens to me, understands me every time and every where, though he has different attitude to tackle things. Thats why he became my close friend. I always feel proud because of having a great friend likes him on my side. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-60929397674200441982020-01-20T18:04:00.001-08:002020-01-20T18:04:02.965-08:00stem cell :: essays research papers Stem Cell Research One of the most popular clinical studies being researched these days is stem cell transplantation. Until recently, moral issues of states and countries haven't allowed research to expound deeply into the unknowns. Within the last ten years though, scientists have made leaps and bounds in finding out concrete facts that this stem cell research has supplied. Tommy G. Thompson, Secretary of Health Services states, "I believe it will open up a world of opportunity for scientists, not only at the NIH, but elsewhere, because it demonstrates a cooperative atmosphere among academia, the private sector, and government that will allow us to move ahead" ("sign stem"1). New ways of conducting stem cell research have made the healing and repairing treatment for many diverse applications. To prove their point, scientists have broken down the basic facts of their studies throughout the last ten years. Embryonic stem cell transplantation is a related course of cells that are in charge of certain functions and systems of the body. The cells used in the transplantation process are contrived from "cryopreserved suspensions" from the fetal liver, thymus, bone marrow, spleen, brain, and the pancreas. Introducing these cells to the body can be approached in different ways. The first step taken is engrafting or multiplying cells in the affected area. These cells will then supplement missing or declining cells and replace/repair missing functions of the body. Production then commences with considerable amounts of biologically active substances such as nerve growth factor, tumor necrosis factor and interleukins etc. When these cells have been transplanted, they are capable of migrating, establishing intercellular links and responding to various effects. However, becaus e of their immature transplantation to the human body, these cells cause a weaker immune response than mature cells. Alexander Smikodub, a doctor of Medical Science at the National Medical University states, "cells that we use are not considered by the immune system of the recipient as foreign, therefore, they can survive, multiply, and develop full function in the body of a new host" Smikodub). These cells can then survive and multiply, capable of lasting for months and years in the body of the recipient. In the areas where tissue or organs have been damaged or lost, they substitute the lack of functional activities. These cells can also produce new generations of cells that are needed by the patient. When strategically placed, they can support, restore and replace the functions of their specialization in the body. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-68648074607773349402020-01-12T14:28:00.001-08:002020-01-12T14:28:03.582-08:00Relationship between Theory and Practice EssayCognitive development indicates growth of the ability to reflect and explain. Lev Semionovich Vygotsky and Jean Piaget were greatly contributed to the cognitive development section of Psychology. The way small kids discover surrounding environment and psychologically develop plays a key role in their learning processes and skills. By learning the process of cognitive development supervisors give themselves a chance to great extent meet the requirements of the individual demands of each separate child. Vygotsky and Piaget were considered to be constructivists. Constructivism is a method of training and learning based on the idea that cognition is the consequence of ââ¬Å"psychological constructionâ⬠. To put it differently, children obtain knowledge making compatible their previous experience and new fresh information. Constructivists believe that learning is influenced by the situation in which a concept is delivered also by childrenââ¬â¢s attitudes and values. Another common feature between Vygotsky and Piaget is that they both think that the limits of cognitive development were set by societal influences. Unfortunately, this is the point where the correspondence between Vygotsky and Piaget comes to an end. There is a great difference between both theories of highly indicated scientists. Piaget claimed that mental growth came from activity. He believed that students learn by means of communicating with their surroundings and that learning takes place after growth. On the other hand, Vygotsky held that knowledge takes place prior to the growth that can occur and that children learn because of history and symbolism. Vygotsky also claimed that students appreciate effort from their surrounding environment and from other people such as teachers and parents as well. Piaget did not consider the latter to be true. Vygotskyââ¬â¢s and Piaget concepts on cognitive development also have different attitudes. School systems and teachers have been practicing the cognitive development theories of Vygotsky and Piaget for quite a while. A good illustration of Piagentian training could be arranged in a preschool environment. Through the preschool period Piaget considers students as being at the Preoperational level and as a consequence they are more likely to be self-centered. Consequently, it would be fair to discuss things with preschool age children from their own points of view as they will feel their experiences are unique and precious. During classroom activities one student might say the glass of milk that another student brought to classroom to share is half empty while the student who brought the glass may consider the glass to be half full. Neither student is wrong in this example, the glass can be characterized by both descriptions but they may believe it due to the fact that each accordingly likes or dislikes milk. Application of Vygotskyââ¬â¢s cognitive development theory could occur in a first grade classroom. First grade children are frequently characterized by having varying stages of knowledge. Some students may already know letters and how to read while others are still making attempt to improve this process. An optimal option to assist the students who are not reading as well as the others includes ensuring these children aid speaking out a word when they get stuck while reading a text. With these preliminary considerations in mind it would be well to conclude that cognitive development plays a central part in learning and thinking approaches of students. Vygotsky and Piaget provide valuable knowledge and data into the possible ways students learn and by employing these concepts it is possible to design a more advantageous learning context for each student. To get deeper understanding of Vygotskyââ¬â¢s theory it would be useful to visit the web-site http://www. newfoundations. com/gallery/Vygotsky. html. It suggests a number of approaches provided by in-depth studies and research of the scientist. Vygotsky tries to find answers to questions such as ââ¬Å"What is a human being? â⬠, ââ¬Å"What is knowledge? â⬠, ââ¬Å"What is learning? â⬠, ââ¬Å"What is society? â⬠, or ââ¬Å"Who is to be educated? â⬠. One more web resource that provides valuable insight into the researches conducted by Piaget is http://webspace. ship. edu/cgboer/piaget. html. To apply theory into practice we may observe that preoperational stage includes symbolism which means that the child already understands parallel notions of objects. For instance, to develop business skills from the early age it would be very useful to set an activity where objects replace real things: paper instead of money, books instead of TV-sets to be sold, etc. These two particular web-sites were chosen because besides the theory itself they also include practice and illustrations. They describe how the results of the studies may be applied in learning and teaching processes. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-35051587985915288242020-01-04T10:52:00.001-08:002020-01-04T10:52:03.400-08:00Black Power And The Civil Rights Movement - 1675 Words How accurate is it to say that the growth of Black Power was the most important factor in the weakening of the civil rights movement in the 1960s? Black power is a political slogan that was aimed to promote the ideas of the black racial group. There have been mixed views on weather it weakened the civil rights movement or strengthened it, this involved many factors. Some of the thingââ¬â¢s that weakened the movement was the use violence, organisation and leadership and the CORE ideas and the message of the black power. However some people disagreed that Black Power weakened the movement as other factors like the Impact of the Vietnam War and the failure of Kings campaigns for the reasons like the difference between the north and south. One of the main reasons that the Civil Rights movement was weakened was because of the use of violence from the Black Power in order to get their message across. This was a contrast to other movements like the National Association for the advancement of coloured people otherwise known as the NAACP as other groups used peaceful tactics Unlike the Black Power who thought peaceful tactics werenââ¬â¢t effective and wouldnââ¬â¢t get them anywhere. The Black Panthers had a radical agenda that didnââ¬â¢t want to work with the American Government they wanted a revolution not a slow change that was what was being offered to them. Many people were against the Black Power for the these reason as they contradicted themselves as they did everything that was previouslyShow MoreRelatedThe Black Power Movement And The Civil Rights Movement1468 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Black Power movement began towards to the of the Civil Rights Era. The Black Power Movement began in the 1950s and 1960s, m any African Americans grew tired of the ineffective, peaceful protests so they turned to violence. Although it was not a formal movement and it contributed to a big turning point in history. The goal of the Black Power movement was to gain equal rights with whites. Even though it was violent many people thought it was necessary to the equal rights African Americans deservedRead MoreBlack Power And Civil Rights Movement1580 Words à |à 7 PagesThe nuanced historical debate over the concept of black power divides Civil Rights movement historians into two distinct categories. One grouping of historians interpret the issue of black power as a vague top-down strategy utilized to incite controversy. The other group of historians promote a bottom-up approach to black power, arguing that the statement reflected the already present ideals of the black community and best encompasses the path to their liberation. The former group likewise criticizesRead MoreThe Civil Rights And Black Powe r Movement2608 Words à |à 11 Pagesparticular movies reflected the views and progress of the Civil Rights/Black Power movement of the 60s. The two films that are being examined are Guess Whoââ¬â¢s Coming to Dinner (1967) and Nothing But A Man (1964). Both films feature African-American characters as more than subservient supporting cast members such as maids, and servants. It reflects Americaââ¬â¢s progressing social attitudes as a result of the Civil Rights and Black Power movements. Throughout this paper, I will argue that films like theRead MoreDid the black power movement help or hinder the civil rights movement?1753 Words à |à 8 Pageslonger need to rely on men or marriage for support. The increase in never married single mother now accounts for about 40% of all lone parents. Although Britain has become more diverse single parenthood is still not accepted by everyone. The new right thinker Charles Murray (1984) argues that the increase in lone-parents is due to the over generosity of the welfare state as they have provide for both the parent and their children. Murray argue that this creates ââ¬Ëperverse incentiveââ¬â¢, that is rewardingRead MoreCivil Rights Movement and Black Nationalism Essay1210 Words à |à 5 PagesEnglish 1302.044 March 3, 2000 Militant and Violent Acts of the Civil Rights Movement and Black Nationalism The rights of African-Americans have been violated since they were brought over to America as slaves in the late 1600s to the land of the free. Great political gains for African-Americans were made in the 1960s such as the right to vote without paying. Still, many African Americans were dissatisfied with their economic situation, so they reacted with violence in the form of riots. OtherRead MoreThe Civil Rights Movement : Martin Luther King, Jr. And Rosa Parks1546 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement is often remembered in American history as an era of unity and struggle. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Rosa Parks are often the figures that get the most recognition from this period. However, there are many leaders from the Civil Rights Movement that get overlooked. Even MLK toward the end of his life is glossed over for the ââ¬Å"versionâ⬠that gave the famous ââ¬Å"I have a dreamâ⬠speech. In truth, there was a fair amount of division between the Black Power Mo vement and the IntegrationRead MoreAfrican Americans Need To Understand ââ¬Å"The Necessity, As1562 Words à |à 7 Pagesamong civil rights historians, which creates and reinforces a lack of detachment that has characterized the civil rights scholarship since its inception. While Eagles acknowledges that the activist standpoint is not likely to disappear in the near future, his call for more objectivity in how historians of the civil rights movement conduct their research has not received the attention it deserves. In the article, which was released five years before Jacqueline Dowd Hallââ¬â¢s call for a long civil rightsRead MoreEssay on Nonviolence or Violence: Which Was More Effective?1425 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Civil Rights Movement brought many accomplishments to African Americans such as the 1964 Civil Rights Act, Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Fair Housing Act of 1968. The key issues that African Americans fought for were voting rights, integration and racial equ ality. They were tired of the discrimination and humiliation they received as a result of the segregation laws imposed on them. ââ¬Å"State laws mandated racial separation in schools, parks, playgrounds, restaurants, hotels, public transportationRead More The Civil Rights Movement and the Kerner Commission Essays1423 Words à |à 6 Pages The civil rights movement was a period of time when blacks attempted to gain their constitutional rights of which they were being deprived. The movement has occurred from the 1950s to the present, with programs like Affirmative Action. Many were upset with the way the civil rights movement was being carried out in the 1960s. As a result, someone assassinated the leader of the movement, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Many blacks were infuriated at this death so there were serious riots inRead MoreBlack Power Movement774 Words à |à 4 PagesThe words of ââ¬ËI am Black and I am proudââ¬â¢ was an anthem that filled the 1960s. A time period which saw the militancy of Malcolm X, the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and a student movement that would push forward an agenda of black culture empowerment that would change America. This movement arose from civil activism of the 1950s with leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr, Malcolm X during the Civil Rights movement and then Stokely Carmichael. The Black Power Movement arose from males who Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-2817898539586209282019-12-27T07:18:00.001-08:002019-12-27T07:18:03.960-08:00Erai in Translation The Japanese wordà erai,à pronounced eh-rai, is a commonly-used adjective translated to mean great, high-ranking, or extraordinary. Japanese Characters Ã¥ â°Ã£ â (ã Ëãââ°Ã£ â) Example Hiroshi-kun wa itsumo okaasan no tetsudai o shite erai ne.㠲ãâ ã â"Ã¥ âºÃ£ ¯Ã£ â㠤ãââã Šæ ¯ ã â¢Ã£ââ㠮æâ°â¹Ã¤ ¼ ã âãââã â"㠦å â°Ã£ âã ãâ¬â Translation:à It is great that Hiroshi always helps his mother. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-38175182213854277222019-12-19T03:06:00.001-08:002019-12-19T03:06:03.737-08:00The Stanford Prison Experiment Phillip Zimbardo - 1081 Words The experimental study that I chose to write about is the Stanford Prison Experiment, which was run by Phillip Zimbardo. More than seventy applicants answered an ad looking for volunteers to participate in a study that tested the physiological effects of prison life. The volunteers were all given interviews and personality tests. The study was left with twenty-four male college students. For the experiment, eighteen volunteers took part, with the other volunteers being on call. The volunteers were then divided into two groups, guards and prisoners, randomly assigned by coin flips. The experiment began on August 14th, 1971 in the basement of Stanfordââ¬â¢s psychology building. To create the prison cells for the prisoners, the doors were takenâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Soon everything the prisoners did became a privilege, including using the bathroom. Lights were shut off at ten oââ¬â¢clock at night and after that point, the prisoners would be forced to use the buckets left i n their cell as toilet; this further tarnished the environment of the prison. Less than two days into the experiment, one of the prisoners began to experience rage, emotional disturbance, uncontrollable crying, began acting crazy, and screaming. The experiment leaders realized he was really suffering and they had to release him. The next day was visiting day for the parents and friends of the prisoners. In order to stop parents from taking their children home, the experimenters cleaned the prison and the prisoners to make them seem pleasant. After the parents visited, there were rumors going around that the prisoners were going to attempt to escape. After the rumor was proved to be untrue, guards acted harshly towards the prisoners and added punishments. A priest who visited the prison, talked with prisoners and offered to contact some of their families for legal help. By day five, there were three types of guards; tough but fair guards, good guards, and hostile guards. The study wa s cut short on August 20th, 1971. Prisoners began to break down emotionally and they tried to find ways to cope with it. The guards had total control of the prison and the prisoners had become isolated individuals. The experiment endedShow MoreRelatedZimbardos Psychological Experiment and Fromms Correlation942 Words à |à 4 PagesZimbardoââ¬â¢s Psychological Experiment and Frommââ¬â¢s Correlation Over 4 decades ago, a Stanford psychology professor named Phillip G. Zimbardo administered an experiment that re-created a prison environment. The goal of the experiment was to simply study the process by which prisoners and guards ââ¬Å"learnâ⬠to become compliant and authoritarian, respectively (Zimbardo 732). What would emerge from the ââ¬Å"Stanford Prison Experimentâ⬠article were more than just compliance and authority. The experiment gave rise to theRead MoreLate Adulthood705 Words à |à 3 PagesIn 1973, Phillip K. Zimbardo, a psychology professor at Stanford University. Zimbardo researching how prisoners and guards learned submissive and authoritarian roles. There was an ad placed in the newspaper by Zimbardo seeking male subjects to participate in his research experiment. There was a $15 per day compensation offered to the chosen participants. There were roughly 75 people to respond to the professors ad. However there were only 25 chosen to participate in the experiment needed forRead MoreThe Stanford Prison Experiment Review. It Is Sunday A1473 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Stanford Prison Experiment Review It is Sunday; a college aged man sits at home waiting to start an experiment he is being paid $15 a day to participate in, when minutes later he finds himself in the back of a police car, soon to be incarcerated in the basement of Stanford University. The Stanford Prison Experiment, a study performed in 1971 by Phillip Zimbardo, was created to study the impacts of prison environment on both prisoners and guards (Zimbardo, 1973). Ultimately the goal was toRead MoreA Study On Stanford Prison Experiment Essay838 Words à |à 4 Pagesstarted class by stating that we would be learning about the Stanford Prison Experiment. We spent the entire day learning and discussing how this experiment influenced the world today. I was so infatuated with everything there was to learn. From the actual situation they were placed in to how the participants were effected. This experiment is one of the main reasons I fell in love with psychology. b. Relevance: The Stanford Prison Experiment demonstrated the theory that in certain situations peopleRead MoreThe Stanford Prison Project1390 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Stanford Prison Project In the summer of 1971 at Stanford University psychologist Phillip Zimbardo conducted a behavioral experiment meant to simulate a prison. This experiment was supposed to study the behaviors both guards and prisoners go through by using student volunteers to play the parts. This experiment, conducted in the basement of a Stanford University building, began to take on a life of its own and has since gone down in infamy. This paper will look into the person responsibleRead MoreZimbardoââ¬â¢s Prison Study Essay1144 Words à |à 5 PagesAbstract In 1971, a Stanford University psychology professor named Philip Zimbardo and a team of researchers conducted an unorthodox study involving 24 male college students who would later be convinced that they were prison inmates and prison guards in less than 24 hours. This study was voluntarily cut short after only six days due to the unexpected results which were found. Psychology Professor Philip Zimbardos Stanford Prison Experiment of August 1971 quickly becameRead MoreZimbardo Research Paper1029 Words à |à 5 Pagesï » ¿ Zimbardo Research Paper Leslie Massey PSYCH/620 01/22/2015 Professor Sharon McNelly Zimbardo Research Paper The Stanford Prison Experiment was a study conducted in 1971 by Dr. Phillip Zimbardo. According to Dr. Steve Taylor (2007), ââ¬Å"Itââ¬â¢s probably the best known psychological study of all time.â⬠(Classic Studies in Psychology, 2007). Zimbardo stated that the point was to see what would happen if he put ââ¬Å"really good people in a bad placeâ⬠(Dr. Zimbardo, 2007). He did this duringRead MoreThe Ethics of the Stanford Prison Experiment Essay927 Words à |à 4 Pagesbut learning about the Stanford Prison Experiment has made me question what would really happen if I was there. Would I be the submissive prisoner, the sadistic guard, or would I stay true to myself? As Phillip Zimbardo gave the guards their whistles and billy clubs they drastically changed without even realizing it. In order to further understand the Stanford Prison experiment I learned how the experiment was conducted, thought about the ethical quality of this experiment, and why I think it pannedR ead MoreResearch Study On Stanford Prison Experiment1027 Words à |à 5 PagesResearch Design and Method: Name the experiment or research you have chosen: Stanford Prison Experiment Name the researcher/s involved: Phillip Zimbardo When was the experiment conducted? 1970 s What is the Research Problem being studied? (Step One) The research problem being studied is; how does the attitude of the administrate in a prison effect the lives and mindset of the inmates in the prison? that the state of the social institution of prison is due to the ââ¬Ënature of the peopleRead MoreEthical Research : Protection Of Human Subjects Essay1252 Words à |à 6 PagesResearch: Protection of Human Subjects Ethical guidelines and considerations in research experiments involving human subjects are a fairly new construct. Prior to the twentieth century, elaborate set of rules and regulations regarding the use of human subjects in experiments merely did not exist. However, one of the most critical elements of research are ethical considerations, and the goal of a research experiment is to discover new information to broaden the knowledge of the human society. Therefore Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-55624338277671855122019-12-10T23:49:00.001-08:002019-12-10T23:49:04.055-08:00Corporate Accounting Financial Year Ending Question: Discuss about the Corporate Accounting for Financial Year Ending. Answer: Problem 1 Introduction The following paper is a case study of a company named Black Hole Ltd. The study will be based on the comprehensive know- how of corporate accounting. It consists of preparation of final accounts of the company for the year ending June 30, 2018. For this, statement of profit loss and other comprehensive income will be presented. After that, statement of financial position and statement of equity will also be adjoined. All the final accounts will be based on the standards and requirements given by AASB 101 (Australian Accounting Standards Board). AASB requirements for corporate accounting Australian Accounting Standards Board gives prescribed rules and regulations regarding presentation of final accounts of a company. It gives a standard format according to which all the statements of a companys final position at the end of each financial year should be presented. This ensures that accounts of a company for this year are comparable with those of previous years accounts. Not only this, availability of common standards for all the companies also help in comparing books of accounts of two different countries (Rahman, 2013). There is a list of mandatory requirements along with various sections that are asked by the Australian Accounting Standards Board in context of corporate accounting. Few of them that will be used in preparation of final accounts are discussed below. First rule is about headings of the statements of final accounts. According to paragraph 51, 99 and 103 of Australian Accounting Standards Board, companies should give an appropriate heading for each statement which must comprise the name of the company, name of the type of statement and the year to which that statement belongs. In this paper, it is required that expenses must be classified by function. For example, administration overheads, selling and distribution overheads, operating overheads, etc. According to paragraph 104 of Australian Accounting Standards Board, if a company decides to follow this, then it has to present additional details including nature of expenses, depreciation/ amortisation overheads, employees benefits overheads, etc. (Bennett, Bradbury, Prangnell, 2006) Besides above stated rules and requirements, references related to AASB 101 are given side by side (Deegan, 2012). Statement of profit loss and other comprehensive income BLACK HOLE LTD. Statement of profit loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended June 30, 2018 Particulars Amount (in $) Referencing from AASB 101 Revenue 825,000 82 (a) Cost of sales (450,000) 85, 103 Gross profit 375,000 85, 103 Other income1 6,000 85, 103 Administrative expenses2 (236,300) 85, 103 Other expenses (10,000) 85, 103 Finance cost (28,700) 85 (b) Profit before income tax 106,000 85, 103 Income tax expense 50,400 82 (d) Profit for the year 55,600 81 A (a) Other comprehensive income Items that will not be re- classified to profit or loss 82 A (a) Gain on revaluation of land 25,000 82 A (a) Gain on revaluation of buildings 30,000 82 A (a) Income tax related to items that will not be re- classified to profit or loss (16,500) 91 (b) Other comprehensive income for the year after tax 38,500 81 A (b) Total comprehensive income for the year 94,100 81 A (c) Working notes: Other income- Particulars for other income Amount (in $) Interest received 2,500 Dividend received 3,500 Total other income 6,000 Administration expenses- Calculation for administration expenses Amount (in $) Total administration expenses 265,000 Less: interest paid (28,700) Administration expenses 236,300 Statement of financial position BLACK HOLE LTD. Statement of financial position as at June30, 2018 Particulars Amount (in $) Referencing from AASB 101 ASSETS Current assets Cash and bank balances 500 54 (i) Trade and other receivables3 52,200 54 (h) Inventories 87,700 54 (g) Total current assets 141,400 Non- current assets Deferred tax asset 9,800 54 (o) Property, plant and equipment4 780,000 54 (a) Goodwill5 95,000 55 Total non-current assets 884,800 Total assets 1,025,200 LIABILITIES Current liabilities Borrowings6 69,200 55 Trade and other payables7 82,300 54 (k) Short- term borrowings8 130,000 55 Current tax payable 52,100 54 (n) Short- term provisions 18,000 54 (l) Total current liabilities 351,600 Non- current liabilities Long- term borrowings9 200,000 55 Deferred tax liabilities 18,400 54 (o) Long- term provisions 16,200 54 (l) Total non- current liabilities 234,600 Total liabilities 586,200 Net assets 439,000 EQUITY Share capital10 200,000 55 Reserves11 110,000 55 Retained earnings12 129,000 55 Total equity 439,000 Working notes: Trade and other receivables Particulars Amount (in $) Account receivables 58,000 Less: allowance for doubtful debts 12,800 Add: prepaid insurance 7,000 Total trade receivables 52,200 Property, plant and equipment Particulars Amount (in $) Land 220,000 Building 380,000 Plant and equipment 222,500 Less: accumulated depreciation 42,500 180,000 Total 780,000 Goodwill Particulars Amount (in $) Goodwill 105,000 Less: accumulated impairment 10,000 Total goodwill 95,000 Borrowings Particulars Amount (in $) Bank overdraft 69,200 Trade and other payables Particulars Amount (in $) Interest payable 2,800 Dividend payable 10,000 Accounts payable 69,500 Total trade payables 82,300 Short- term borrowings Particulars Amount (in $) 7% debentures 80,000 Instalment due for mortgage loan 50,000 Total short- term borrowings 130,000 Long- term borrowings Particulars Amount (in $) Mortgage loan 250,000 Less: instalment paid in this year 50,000 Total long- term borrowings 200,000 Share capital Particulars Amount (in $) Ordinary shares (including those issued during the year) 200,000 Reserves Particulars Amount (in $) General reserve 5,000 Add: transfer to general reserve 25,000 Add: transfer to general reserve from retained earnings 25,000 Total reserves 110,000 Retained earnings Particulars Amount (in $) Retained earnings 128,400 Add: profit for the year 55,600 Less: transferred to general reserve 25,000 Less: redemption of 7% debentures 80,000 Total retained earnings 129,000 Statement of changes in equity BLACK HOLE LTD. Statement of changes in equity for the year ended June30, 2018 Gains and income attributable to equity shareholders of the company Amount (in $) Particulars Share capital Revaluation surplus Other reserves Retained earnings Total equity Balance as at July1, 2017 100,000 46,500 128,400 274,900 Fair value gains (or losses), net of tax: Land - 17,500 - - 17,500 Building - 21,000 - - 21,000 Total recognised income for the year - 38,500 - 55,600 94,100 Dividends paid (ordinary) - - - (10,000) (10,000) Dividends declared (ordinary) - - - (20,000) (20,000) Issue of share capital 100,000 - - - 100,000 Transfer to general reserve - - 25,000 (25,000) - Balance as at June30, 2018 200,000 85,000 25,000 129,000 439,000 Problem2 This problem is associated with the management and accounting system of My Bag Ltd. The company has to prepare accounts regarding income tax liability. It also wants to know its obligation for tax expense for the financial year ending June 30, 2017. For this purpose, the rules and regulations of Australian Accounting Standards Board are given below, which will also be used in the paper later for reference while calculating tax liabilities. This will be followed by two worksheets i.e. for current tax liability and deferred tax liability of the organization based on the information available from the company. Regulations regarding tax accounting from Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) Few rules and regulations of AASB that will be used in preparing tax worksheets are given below. (Loftus, 2003) According to AASB 116, the way to treat depreciation in books of accounts is to record the value of fixed asset that is depreciable in statement of financial position along with accumulated depreciation of arrears in a systematic manner. Tax offices provide a rate at which this expense is treated for tax calculations. The tax treatment is based on that rate and it is usually distinguished from the rate of depreciation applicable (Chang, Herbohn, Tutticci, 2009). Goodwill should be recognised for taxation and accounting purposes. This should be tested or checked for any impairment loss. For tax calculations, goodwill written- down is not exempted from taxation. However, there are some exceptions for temporary differences as given by AASB 112. Another clause for long service leave is that it is considered as an expense in accounting. But it is recognised only when employee has taken a long service leave and it is actually paid to him/ her. When this is the case, only then it is allowed as a deduction in tax calculations. Doubtful debts are a provision when there is a possibility of bad debts. As such, doubtful debts and bad debts are considered as expense in accounting. But they will not be deductible for tax purposes. However, it can be so only in case when bad debts are written off. Entertainment expenses are not tax deductible. Prepaid insurance works as an allowable deduction for tax calculations since they will be charged as an expense over time. Until and unless, a warranty cost has been incurred, it will not be considered as tax deductible. Rent received in advance is the taxable income for the year in which it is actually received. (Hanlon Nethercott, 2005) Current Tax Worksheet MY BAG LTD. Current tax worksheet For the year ending June30, 2017 Particulars Amount (in $) Amount (in $) Accounting profit 900,000 Add: Parking and other fines 10,000 Depreciation expense- plant 70,000 Doubtful debts expense 25,000 Amortisation- development asset 50,000 Long service leave expense 36,000 Interest received 20,000 211,000 Less: Tax depreciation- plant 100,000 Bad debts written off 15,000 Development costs paid 160,000 Additional deduction for development costs 40,000 Long service leave paid 50,000 Interest revenue 10,000 (375,000) Taxable profit 736,000 Corporate tax @ 30% Current tax liability 220,800 Working notes: Interest receivable A/c Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount 1/7/2016 To balance b/d 20,000 30/6/2017 By interest received A/c 20,000 30/6/2017 To interest revenue A/c 10,000 30/6/2017 By balance c/d 10,000 30,000 30,000 OR beginning balance + interest revenue ending balance = interest received i.e. 20,000 + 10,000 10,000 = $20,000. Development asset- at cost Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount 1/7/2016 To balance b/d 200,000 30/6/2017 By balance c/d 360,000 1/7/2016 To development costs paid A/c 160,000 360,000 360,000 Additional deduction for development costs= 25% * $160,000= $40,000 Allowance for doubtful debts Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount 30/6/2017 To bad debts written off A/c 15,000 1/7/2016 By balance b/d 10,000 30/6/2017 To balance c/d 20,000 30/6/2017 By doubts debt expense A/c 25,000 35,000 35,000 OR beginning balance + doubt debt expense ending balance = bad debts written off i.e. 10,000 + 25,000 15,000 = $20,000. Provision for long service leave Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount 30/6/2017 To long service leave paid A/c 50,000 1/7/2016 By balance b/d 62,000 30/6/2017 To balance c/d 48,000 30/6/2017 By long service leave expense A/c 36,000 98,000 98,000 OR beginning balance + long service leave expense ending balance = long service leave paid i.e. 62,000 + 36,000 48,000 = $50,000. Accumulated depreciation- for tax purposes Date Particulars Amount Date Particulars Amount 30/6/2017 To balance c/d 280,000 1/7/2016 By balance b/d 180,000 30/6/2017 By accumulated tax depreciation A/c 100,000 280,000 280,000 Deferred Tax Worksheet MY BAG LTD. Deferred tax worksheet as at June30, 2017 Particulars Carrying amount Future deductible amount Tax base Taxable temporary differences Deductible temporary differences Assets: Account receivables (net) 225,000 0 245,000 [2] 20,000 Plant (net) 410,000 320,000 320,000 [1] 90,000 Development assets (net) 230,000 0 0 [1] 230,000 Interest receivable 10,000 0 0 [1] 10,000 Liabilities: Liabilities: Provision for long service leave 48,000 48,000 0 [1] 48,000 Total temporary differences 330,000 68,000 Deferred tax liability 30% 99,000 Deferred tax asset 30% 20,400 Beginning balances 60,000 21,600 Increase/ (decrease) 39,000 1,200 Working notes for tax bases: [1] Tax base = future deductible amount (for assets that are generating economic benefits, taxable in future period). [2] Tax base = carrying amount (for those assets that are not generating economic benefits, taxable in future). (Herbohn, Tutticci, Khor, 2010) [1] Tax base = carrying amount future deductible amount (liabilities other than unearned revenue). [2] Tax base = carrying amount less future revenue that is not accounted for taxation (liabilities of unearned revenue). (Richardson Lanis, 2006) Journal entries for tax liabilities Date Particulars Amount (Dr.) Amount (Cr.) 30/6/2017 Income tax expense (current) A/c Dr. To current tax liability A/c (for current tax liability accounted) 220,800 220,800 30/6/2017 Income tax expense A/c Dr. To deferred tax liability A/c To deferred tax asset A/c (for deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability accounted) 40,200 39,000 1,200 References Bennett, B., Bradbury, M., Prangnell, H. (2006). Rules, principles and judgments in accounting standards. Abacus, 42(2), 189-204. Chang, C., Herbohn, K., Tutticci, I. (2009). Market's perception of deferred tax accruals. Accounting Finance, 49(4), 645-673. Deegan, C. (2012). Australian financial accounting. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Hanlon, D., Nethercott, L. (2005). Increasing Divergence between Accounting Practice and Taxation Law: The Case of in-Substance, The Debt Defeasance. Austl. Tax F., 20, 101. Herbohn, K., Tutticci, I., Khor, P. S. (2010). Changes in Unrecognised Deferred Tax Accruals from Carryà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã Forward Losses: Earnings Management or Signalling? Journal of Business Finance Accounting, 37(7-8), 763-791. Loftus, J. A. (2003). The CF and accounting standards: the persistence of discrepancies. Abacus, 39(3), 298-309. Rahman, A. R. (2013). The Australian Accounting Standards Review Board (RLE Accounting): The Establishment of Its Participative Review Process. . Routledge. Richardson, G., Lanis, R. (2006). Determinants of the variability in corporate effective tax rates and tax reform: Evidence from Australia. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 26(6), 689-704. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-76095116169195568732019-12-03T11:30:00.001-08:002019-12-03T11:30:03.708-08:00Notorious Transitions free essay sample In life, I experienced many epiphanies that would put me in a state of confusion, realizing what I have become. That transition from Point A to B without any way to see how it changed in between except to realize that life goes downhill, no steps on the way, just a steep slope. My life has changed so drastically over the years, and it went by so fast that sometimes I am unable to process the change. That process became my story, as I took a leap of faith. As a child, I was oblivious of my surroundings. In Yangon, Gazing through shiny blue painted iron gates, I took my hometown for granted, as my father spoiled me, with everything in the grasp of my hands. We will write a custom essay sample on Notorious Transitions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I lived like a panda in a bamboo jungle, sitting there as I took life by the roots, stuffing it down my throat. However, all good things must come to an end, as everything I ever took for granted blew away like ashes on the palm of my hands. My maids packed my bags for the last time, stuffing it with clothes and half of the toys I had in my room. I remember bidding farewell to my Burmese cousins and family, even to my own mother, as though I was to never see them again. Waving at them until they became a spectacle in my visions, I left Myanmar with my father and older brother. We arrived in a small town and life as we know it was turned completely upside down. It was an urban place filled with clusters of one story buildings, uneven roads, and polluted air from a dirt mountain that was right in front of our new home. My father started a backyard sale, selling piles of things that we did not need any more in exchange for sums of cash. I stood there, on cold pavement watching him stack piles ââ¬Å"junkâ⬠on top of each other. Opening the rusted gates wide for neighbors to roam in, he mentioned that we too could throw away things we didnââ¬â¢t need. It was easy for me, stuffed toys, cartoon themed school bags, they meant nothing as I stacked them outside, writing prices of my choice on Post-It notes and sticking it on each item. It had to be done as our finances were down, and we needed the money desperately. At the point, I came to the realization that I was selling my old life away, making room for a new life with my father. I immediately stared a t every single thing I threw on the pile, and all of them became valuable like alchemists turning metal into gold. I finally saw myself from a third person point of view and realized how spoiled I used to be, unable to differentiate my needs from my wants. I became more wary of the environment I lived in, struggling to get used to what I was in for. However, those next 10 years, before moving back to Yangon, were the best years Iââ¬â¢ve experienced in my life. I reshaped myself through discipline and responsibility in the common life. I grew a conscious of the world that accepted me, one that deserves my effort. And with all the years I have experienced, through different cultures and families, I plan on using it to represent myself as that individual who made it out of the island with just a hatchet and a rock. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-11086430497272074902019-11-27T14:25:00.001-08:002019-11-27T14:25:05.339-08:00Plato Essays - Visual Arts, Adolescence, Animation, Cartoon Violence Plato And Conservative Christians The views of Plato back in Ancient Greece and that of conservative Christians today about education for children have surprisingly similar views. Plato thought it to be most beneficial for children, if their learning consisted of music and poetry to shape the soul, and of physical training to shape the body. However, only stories that were fine and beautiful should be selected. Stories that co ained falsehoods should be banned along with passages that teach fear of death. The teaching should be done in moderation, only the good endings should be taught and only good deeds of heroes should be told. Conservative Christians today believe in many of the same ideas as Plato. Instead of music and poetry to shape the soul, the Bible should be the primary learning tool. Only shows that are non-secular and do not contain references to evolution should be allowed for children to watch. Shows that portray death to children should be monitored by parents. At the heart of these ideas, is the concern with cartoons and the effect they have on young children. This way of thinking does more harm to children then it does to protect them. By shielding them from what actually goes on in this world, i.e. death, sex and non religious views, you are setting them up for a harder time of understanding these concept when they are faced with them in real life. Cartoons can be a wonderful way of exposing children to the evils of this world in a less harmful way. Children are able to relate to cartoons in a special way that we as adults are unable to do. Because of the young age of the children in question, eir innocence is not lost and cartoons have a magical way of relating issues on a program to those that are prevalent in real life. Take for instance the idea of death that is seen in ?The Lion King' or ?Bambi'. This is the perfect segway for parents to start to teach their children about death. This allows children to see death in a non-realistic way and also gives them the curi ity to ask their parents about it. Parents should not shy away from a subject like this. Death is such a part of life that it needs to be explained to children at the earliest possible time that they are able to comprehend it in just the least. Just ink how much more difficult it would be trying to explain to a five year old that his mother has died, if you as a parent have never even mentioned the notion of death and what it entails to that child. That child would have such more difficulty unders nding that his mother is never coming back if he had been shielded from ever seeing death. There is the argument that you should protect a child's innocence for as long as possible because once its gone it will never return. There is merit in this argument. However, you have to make the decision on whether you want protect a child for a couple of more years, or explain to them the trials of life and in doing so, making it easier for them to comprehend this world when they are older. A child that never learns about death, will never be able to embrace it and to realize that death is not an ending but a new beginning. Everyone is going to experience death at some point in there life and by learning at a young age what death actuall entails will make it easier for that child when faced with the situation. Cartoons are given too much credit for shaping the way that young children think and behave. Adults are giving cartoons this credit because they can look at them and see subtleties because they are older and have so much more education. Children on the other hand are watching these cartoons solely as entertainment. They are not comprehending any underlining political or social message these cartoons may be conveying. If there are any political or social messages contained in cartoons, then they e intended for adults and will only be understood by adults. This also can be applied to the issues regarding death, sex, and violence in cartoons. A good majority of children don't watch cartoons to learn, but rather as a form of entertainment. Violence that is seen in cartoons by children is very rarely, if er emulated by them. If it is in fact Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-48250602531730682182019-11-23T21:59:00.001-08:002019-11-23T21:59:04.873-08:00SAT Practice Tests How to Reflect and Get the Most Out of ThemSAT Practice Tests How to Reflect and Get the Most Out of Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Taking an SAT practice test is one thing, and using the results to actually improve your scores in the future is another. If youââ¬â¢re spending five hours on a practice test, you should make sure that youââ¬â¢re getting the most out of it and not sweeping your mistakes under the rug. In this article, Iââ¬â¢ll give you some different strategies for making your practice test sessions count. Mistakes on Practice Tests: What They Look Like and Why They're Important After taking a practice test, itââ¬â¢s extremely important to look back at the questions you answered incorrectly and make assessments about which areas need the most improvement. Youââ¬â¢re not going to be able to raise your SAT scores until you get to the bottom of whatââ¬â¢s holding you back. Through evaluating your mistakes and fixing them methodically, you can make dramatic changes to your performance on the test. Most mistakes on the SATwill fall into one of four categories: Ran Out of Time Basically, this applies to questions that you missed because you didnââ¬â¢t get to them or you just guessed randomly at the end.If you end up with a lot of these types of mistakes, you'll need to revise some of your strategies for test taking.See our articles on how to stop running out of time on SAT Reading and SAT Math for advice. Content Weakness This type of mistake means that you didnââ¬â¢t understand the underlying concept that was being tested.This will come up most frequently on the math section.These mistakes can be broken down into more specific categories like ââ¬Å"confusion about factoringâ⬠so that you know exactly which materials you need to study to improve your weak areas. Misunderstanding the Question This is a mistake where the phrasing of a question confused you and prompted you to answer incorrectly.These are tricky mistakes to fix, but itââ¬â¢s important to pay attention to them.Usually misunderstandings can be at least partially remedied by practice with the format of the test and greater familiarity with the types of questions that the SAT likes to ask. Careless Mistakes These are the mistakes you made that seem absurd in hindsight.You might have missed a ââ¬Å"NOTâ⬠or an ââ¬Å"EXCEPTâ⬠in a question, or you might have solved for the wrong value in a math problem.Usually these mistakes are a result of not reading carefully enough and letting your anxiety get the best of you. All of these mistakes can be remedied if you acknowledge them and adjust your study strategies appropriately. In the next section, I'll give you some tips on how to reflect on the results of practice tests by categorizing your mistakes and fixing them methodically. It's corny, but it's true. How to Understand and Reflect on Practice Test Mistakes Depending on how much time you have, you might use different strategies to reflect on your mistakes on practice tests. If You Have 20-40 Hours to Prep: Youââ¬â¢re going to need to work fast to fix your mistakes, so you might not have time to get into the deeper issues you have with content weaknesses.After you take an initial practice test, you should see if you noticed any obvious areas of weakness. If you noticed that running out of time was a big issue, you might need to pace yourself better next time you take the test.Most of the time, this just means skipping difficult questions when you start to spend too much time on them (more than 30 seconds). Answer all the more straightforward questions first, and then go back and work on the hard ones so you don't miss out on any easy points at the end of the section. If you made a lot of careless mistakes, you should remind yourself to read the questions more carefully next time and check your answers at the end of each section.Careless mistakes sometimes mean you're rushing too much, so you may need to remind yourself to slow down a little and think through each question thoroughly before answering. If you notice some relatively superficial content weaknesses, you may be able to study up on those and fix them, but if youââ¬â¢re confused about a big topic area itââ¬â¢s best to just focus on more easily fixable problems in the short time you have before the test. After you spend four hours or so analyzing your mistakes, adjusting your strategies to account for them, and doing relevant practice questions, you cantake another test and see how you do.Repeat the same process of fixing your mistakes with the second practice test, and then take a third and final practice test when youââ¬â¢re done.If you have a little more time and you've noticed that you're improving significantly (by 50 to 100 points) with each new practice test, you can repeat the process again before your real test date. If You Have 40-100 Hours to Prep: If you have this much time, you can do a complete analysis of your mistakes on practice tests. First, take an initial practice test to get a baseline reading on your scores.After you finish scoring the test, you should go back through all of the questions that you answered incorrectly and categorize them based on the types of mistakes I mentioned in the previous section. Once youââ¬â¢ve categorized all of your mistakes, you can rank your areas of weakness from most frequently observed to least. This will allow you to get a better sense of where most of your mistakes are coming from and which areas need the most work. Then, you can start fixing things in order of which mistakes will respond the fastest to corrective prep measures.Usually, this means starting with content weakness since these mistakes can be fixed simply by studying up on the material you donââ¬â¢t know. They have the least to do with the format of the test itself, so they will respond more quickly to your studying efforts.Then, you can move on to formulating better strategies for coping with issues like time pressure and careless mistakes. After youââ¬â¢ve done a thorough assessment of your mistakes and corrected the most glaring problems you noticed, you should take another practice test to see whether you've improved.If you notice significant improvements, you can do another assessment to reevaluate your mistakes and shoot for even higher goals.If not, you should reconsider the manner in which you addressed your mistakes initially and see if you need to push your studying further and do more practice questions in order to break through to a higher score. Repeat the process of taking practice tests and assessing your mistakes until you reach a score level that makes you happy. You can consult this guide for advice on calculating a good target score for your needs.You might also decide to adjust your study time between practice tests to accommodate your personal level of focus and learning style. Taking a practice test is like sending out a crash test dummy for your SAT scores. When you reach your target score, you're safe to drive on the real SAT. Smart Practice Testing Strategies (Based on Your Score Level) In order to make the most out of each of your practice tests, you'll have to use test-taking strategies that work to your advantage. Many improvements are dependent on adjusting your strategy, especially when it comes to issues with running out of time and careless mistakes. The most effective strategies may differ depending on how well youââ¬â¢re currently scoring on the SAT. Crucial Tips for Taking a Practice Test, Regardless of Your Score Level: Stick to the real time constraints Take the test in a quiet, distraction-free environment Only use the materials you will have access to on the real test These tips are important because if you take practice tests with a longer time allotment or with more resources that you'll have on the real test, you won't get a realistic prediction ofyour performance. This will only hurt you in the long run when you end up getting scores that are lower than you expected on the actual SAT. Below are some more specific strategies for high and low scorers. I've divided the strategies this way because high and low scorers on the SAT often have very different needs. Low scorers may be able to afford to skip difficult questions completely, whereas high scorers need to try and answer most if not all of the questions in each section. People at different score levels also tend to make different types of mistakes, which I'll get into in a minute. You would be considered a high scorer if you're consistently scoring an 1800 or higher on practice tests. You would be considered a low scorer if you're consistently scoring a 1500 or lower. For High Scorers: You should approach the test with an eye towards avoiding careless mistakes and preventing yourself from rushing on complex questions.Careless mistakes are usually more common for high scorers.Students who are already doing well on the SAT tend to rush through sections and not take ââ¬Å"easyâ⬠questions as seriously, so they end up missing things. Glance at the time now and then to make sure youââ¬â¢re pacing yourself appropriately. You should also be sure to double check your work at the end of each section; you can catch a lot of silly errors if you make a habit of doing this. For Low Scorers: The best strategy for taking practice tests if youââ¬â¢re scoring low on the SAT is to takea quick pass through each section initially and answer all of the easy questions first.This ensures that you wonââ¬â¢t run out of time before you get to all the questions that you have the potential to answer correctly.After you finish answering all of the easy questions, you can go back through and spend more time on medium difficulty questions while feeling less pressured to get through the rest of the section. Using these strategies will help you to maximize your score and reduce mistakes progressively on each practice test. You'll be teaching yourself valuable skills for avoiding unnecessary pitfalls on the real test and increasing your familiarity with question types and test content along the way. It might be slow going at first, but with lots of practice you can make big positive changes in your scores. What's Next? Looking for some alternate SAT prep resources? Check out our article on the best websites to use for SAT prep. If you're not sure how much you need to prepare for the SAT, this guide will tell you how long you should be studying for the test based on your goals. You should also take a look at our SAT study plans for sophomore and junior year and for the summer before senior year. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-14422325273716081242019-11-21T05:56:00.001-08:002019-11-21T05:56:11.247-08:00Brain Disease Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsBrain Disease - Term Paper Example In certain cultures, alcohol consumption is normal. However, even in case of cultural tastes, consumption of alcohol is more likely to turn to addiction if not strictly consumed within limits. Thus, some psychiatrists argue that consumption of drugs and alcohol must be viewed as personal habits and dealt with as such in order to return to normalcy. Deviant drug and alcohol consumption came to be regarded as personal choice not only recently by even in earlier centuries when religious bodies such as "the American Society for the Promotion of Temperance (ASPT), founded by Evangelical clergymen in 1826, also gained support from farmers, industrialists, and homemakers" (Boyer, Paul S, 2001). Protagonists of personal choice argue that even the most diehard consumer of alcohol has the free will to consume or abstain. Anybody conscious of his responsibilities will abstain due to personal and social pressures and economic dictates. Even heavy drinkers have the choice of abstaining in serious environment like business offices or production units where they are employed (HBO Addiction, 2009). Thus the argument that deviant drinker m... Thus the argument that deviant drinker must be medically treated and rehabilitated does not have strong enough basis to pursue medical treatment as the cure for drug and alcohol addictions. Medical treatment, if required, is mostly perfunctory. There are enough cases in organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous where people have opted out of heavy drinking without the use of any medical aid to prove that alcohol consumption is a matter of will rather than the charge of any bacteria or virus (Satel, Susan, 10 July 2007). Nonetheless, drugs and alcohol weaken the nervous system and organs such as the liver and kidneys. Hence, in the absence of a strong and healthy nervous system and other organs, the body becomes vulnerable to disease carrying microbes. Thus, drugs and alcohol abuse could be treated as medical threats even if they are not directly linked with microbes. Defenders of alcoholic consumption are on a difficult pitch when such consumption leads to physical and mental weaknesses. Drug and alcohol addiction may not be linked to "brain disease" but they certainly weaken the physique before long. Their attack on the nervous and digestive system makes the road to recovery difficult and dreary. The damages resulting from alcohol consumption may not be apparent to most people. It takes a heavy toll on the national productivity, and national and personal resource. "The direct effects of addiction are homelessness, unemployment and disease. The cost of interdiction and incarceration are estimated at over $200 billion annually, and the annual burden in lost productivity is another $129 billion" (Satel, Susan, 10 July 2007). The damages resulting from addiction Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-7898212416577906062019-11-20T05:09:00.001-08:002019-11-20T05:09:04.142-08:00Breach as a Motif in China Mieville's The City and The City EssayBreach as a Motif in China Mieville's The City and The City - Essay Example Mieville invokes that breach at various points in the novel as a motif that represents the all-pervasive state of the East European states of the Soviet era. These breaches are investigated by a body that itself seems to be a motif that combines in itself the effects of all the motifs of breaches that govern the lives of the people in the novelââ¬â¢s fictional cities of Beszel and Ul Qoma. The journey of Tayodu Borlu, the protagonist of the novel and the detective who seeks to solve the mystery of a murder that serves to frame the story and provide it its thrust, is one that reveals many aspects of modern day life. These range from the lack of freedom that is experienced by people in nation states to the place of man in a universe that may or may not offer explanations. This universe, however, continues to punish its inhabitants for offences the causes of which they may not even know. The lack of knowledge that is shared by the people of Beszel and Ul Qoma is what unites them and gives them a common destiny. The notion of breach refers to an understanding of this unity in ignorance. In this sense, it seems as though the novel points to ignorance as the greatest weapon that is employed by the modern state to express its power and exercise its control over its people. To place them in a state of complete ignorance as to their own condition, accompanied by a fear of the breach makes Mievilleââ¬â¢s work closer to a work like V for Vendetta rather than something like The Matrix. Like both these works, the people in the two cities suffer from the fact that their existence is a complex web of lies that is spun by an overarching network of authority. This authority is embodied by the Breach that is able to make a person vanish from the sight of other people. In the context of people who choose to overlook several aspects of life, the notion of a vanished person may refer to somebody who is merely overlooked, much in the same way that Ralph Ellisonââ¬â¢s protag onist is, in the book, The Invisible Man. The reasons for the marginality of both are equally absurd and difficult to understand. This is one of the greatest strengths of Mievilleââ¬â¢s novel- the fact that it is able to draw allusions to many other major works of fiction that talk of oppressive regimes. His ability to connect his subaltern perspective to other versions of it makes The City and the City a very complex work of fiction. The breach represents a lack of unity. While critiquing the authoritarian regimes that were a part of East European nation states during the Cold War Era, Mieville strikes at the very heart of the philosophy of these nations- the unity of their people in a classless society. He points to the disunity that states sought to perpetrate during this era and the effects that it had on people who had hitherto lived in communities that exchanged ideas and beliefs in a freer society. The lack of freedom that Borlu has in investigating the case owes itself to the lack of unity between the people of the two cities. This can be seen in the attitudes that are expressed initially by his counterpart in Ul Qom, who is cold and condescending towards him. There are, thus, many structures that the state creates for the purpose of perpetuating its own Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-12621769658869324542019-11-17T17:40:00.001-08:002019-11-17T17:40:07.069-08:00Indian Culture Essay Example for Free Indian Culture Essay Welcome to our guide to India. This is useful for anyone researching Indian culture, customs, values and wanting to understand the people better. You may be going to India on business, for a visit or even hosting Indiancolleagues or clients in your own country. Remember this is only a very basic level introduction and is not meant to stereotype all Indian people you may meet! Facts and Statistics Location: Southern Asia, bordering Bangladesh 4,053 km, Bhutan 605 km, Burma1,463 km, China 3,380 km, Nepal 1,690 km, Pakistan 2,912 km Capital: New Delhi Climate: varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north Population: 1,065,070,607 (July 2004 est. ) Ethnic Make-up: Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000) Religions: Hindu 81.3%, Muslim 12%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other groups including Buddhist , Jain, Parsi 2.5% (2000) Government: Federal Republic Languages in India The different states of India have different official languages, some of them not recognized by the central government. Some states have more then one official language. Bihar in east India has three official languages Hindi , Urdu and Bengali which are all recognized by the central government. But Sikkim, also in east India, has four official languages of which only Nepali is recognized by the central government. Besides the languages officially recognized by central or state governments, there are other languageswhich dont have this recognition and their speakers are running political struggles to get this recognition. Central government decided that Hindi was to be the official language of India and therefore it also has the status of official language in the states. Travelling to India? Why not learn some useful Hindi phrases ? Indian Society Culture Hierarchy The influences of Hinduism and the tradition of the caste system have created a culture that emphasizes established hierarchical relationships. Indians are always conscious of social order and their status relative to other people, be they family, friends, or strangers. All relationships involve hierarchies. In schools, teachers are called gurus and are viewed as the source of all knowledge. The patriarch, usually the father, is considered theleader of the family. The boss is seen as the source of ultimate responsibility in business. Every relationship has a clear- cut hierarchy that must be observed for the social order to be maintained. The Role of the Family People typically define themselves by the groups to which they belong rather than by their status as individuals. Someone is deemed to be affiliated to a specific state, region, city, family, career path, religion, etc. This group orientation stems from the close personal ties Indians maintain with their family, including the extended family. The extended family creates a myriad of interrelationships, rules, and structures. Along with these mutual obligations comes a deep-rooted trust among relatives. Just Cant Say No Indians do not like to express no, be it verbally or non- verbally. Rather than disappoint you, for example, by saying something isnt available, Indians will offer you the response that they think you want to hear. This behaviour should not be considered dishonest. An Indian would be considered terribly rude if he did not attempt to give a person what had been asked. Since they do not like to give negative answers, Indians may give an affirmative answer but be deliberately vague about any specific details. This will require you to look for non-verbal cues, such as a reluctance to commit to an actual time for a meeting or an enthusiastic response. Etiquette and Customs in India Meeting Etiquette Religion, education and social class all influence greetings in India. This is a hierarchical culture, so greet the eldest or most senior person first. When leaving a group, each person must be bid farewell individually. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6921834550322407215.post-16290232368930765482019-11-15T06:12:00.001-08:002019-11-15T06:12:09.684-08:00The Operational Strategy for Gap IncThe Operational Strategy for Gap Inc It is clear in the market that as an organization Gap is struggling. Profitability, changing customer needs and tastes and increased global competition has affected our performance. The Gap North America division for instance, has not posted an annual increase in sales at stores open at least a year since 2004. In 2009, sales were $3.82 billion, down almost one-third from where they were in 2004, Clifford (2011). At least four changes at CEO level have occurred, and as the new CEO, the need to determine and implement an effective operational strategy is of paramount importance. The objective of this presentation is to obtain board approval on the proposed Operational Strategy for Gap and any possible changes to the recommendations and conclusions drawn by the executive team. The methodology adopted involved reviewing the entire business operations of Gap and that of its leading competitors (especially Zara). This involved using secondary data from the case study, internet searches on trends and developments in the global fashion industry and that of the company. In the development of this operational strategy it was important to note that, the operational strategy is sub servant to the broad corporate strategy and using the Porters (1985) value chain analysis. This according to Heizer and Render (2011) uses identified activities that represent strengths or potential strengths and maybe opportunities for developing competitive advantage. It must be noted early, however, that an alternative perspective exist that the use of resource view approach. Using the resource view approach means that Gaps effectiveness is predicated by determining the optimum fit for the firms resources in the dynamic environment as noted by Heizer and Render (2011). A hybrid response and differentiation strategy shall be adopted as apposed to the traditional cost leadership strategy within Gap. Our focus and competitive advantage as an organisation has thus shifted from just become cheaper to becoming better and faster. This means that we are aligning to changes in cus tomer needs, increasing global competitiveness and a dynamic business environment. (A justification for this strategy is provided for in annexure 1 of this report). The CSFs necessary to ensure the success of the operational strategy included, effective communication, internal marketing, change management and while communication was found to be the most Cost of implementing changes to ensure that successful execution of the operational strategy was determined asà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦.. The recommendations put forward to the board included the need to adopt the operational strategy in line with understanding that radical change is a prerequisite. Critical Success Factors to include, internal marketing of the operational strategy, building a performance culture, ensuring effective communication and putting in place a reward-systems that are linked to performance are a must. Table of Contents Page 1.0 Design of goods 2.0 Process and Capacity Design 3.0 Location Selection 4.0 Layout design 5.0 Supply Chain Management 6.0 Inventory Management 7.0 Scheduling 8.0 Conclusion and Recommendations List of References Annexures 1.0 Design of goods 2.0 Process and Capacity Design 3.0 Location Selection 4.0 Layout design 5.0 Supply Chain Management Hanna and Newman (2002) define SCM as the configurations, coordination and improvements of a sequentially related set of operations. It is the output from operations referred to by Hanna and Newman (2002) that customers get, and therefore, the strategic emphasis of well-managed supply chain is to have a competitive advantage driven primarily by strong customer focus. Heizer and Render (2011) define SCM as the management of activities that procure materials and services, transform them into intermediate goods and final products and deliver them through a distribution system. The authors believe that in todays business competition is not between companies but rather supply chains. This means that if internal operations at Gap can be improved to surpass that of competition it will give our organisation a competitive advantage. This section of the report will focus on how Gap can change its relationship with suppliers and distributors and most importantly an evaluation of managing our purchasing and outsourcing activities in line with increased competitive activity. In reviewing the above the objective it to build a chain of suppliers that focuses on maximising value to the ultimate customer Heizer and Render (2011). The major challenge within Gap has been our inability to control and determine what is to be made and what is to be purchased effectively. As we maximise value along the chain we will be able to ensure that we improve on quality, delivery and innovation. Our global presences demands that the review of the supply chain be linked closely to the overall strategy of the business. In other words this means that the operational strategy must link back to the broad corporate strategy for GAP. Key aspects of this the broad corporate strategy and operational strategy is driven primarily be the need to increase competitiveness through product customisation, high quality, cost reductions and speed to market with the added emphasis being on the supply chain Heizer and Render (2011). Refer to the corporate strategy in à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦. It is proposed that a new integrated supply chain be adopted with Gap. This means that, having fewer suppliers and building on a centralised manufacturing. The advantages will be cutting down on unnecessary costs by suppliers while building on a pool of highly effective supplier base that is aligned to the firms overall vision and direction. Zara continues to use vertical integration as a method to build on expandin g its supply chain. The Japanese, method of Keirestu would work well as we combine both few suppliers and vertical integration. Whilst our traditional many-supplier strategy worked in the past suppliers were responsible for maintaining the technologies and expertise, costs and quality controls the surge in competitive activity especially form Zara has shown that centralised and or few supplier strategy works better. The need to focus on controlling supply and building on technological advantages is an imperative to the success in the industry. It will be necessary as few suppliers will help on improve inventory management as we move closer to the implementation of a JIT system. These few suppliers will be asked to participate in the design of goods by helping in the partnering in research and development initiatives to include, provide design innovations, input on changing customers tastes and needs and technological expertises. Review of existing Suppliers: our focus is to cut down on scatter and huge number of suppliers and thus focus on building dependable close yet very few suppliers with long-term strategic relationships Heizer and Render (2011) Because of the shift in focus of our broad strategy (differentiation) it means that the selection of our suppliers inevitably has to change. This change however is radical demanding that our lower end suppliers that are not cost effective and do not meet the changing requirements set by the organisation must be immediately cut out. Whilst the medium to long-term aspect of our strategy demands that we build a centralised manufacturing. This means that, existing risk associated with the environment (customs duties, tariffs, security screening, natural disasters, currency fluctuations, terrorists attacks and political issues), controls (management metrics and reliable secure communication for financial transactions product designs, and logistics scheduling) and process performance (raw material and component availability, quality and logistics) need to be considered, Heizer and Render (2011). Ongoing reviews of competitors centralised manufacturing performance will continue in line with building on the above necessary changes to ensure that risks identified can be mitigated. Heizer and Render (2011) proposes that while changes in the supply chain management happens differently in different organisation its success will depend on the building mutual agreement of goals, trust and compatible organisational culture. These are discussed in the conclusion section of the report. Fisher (1997) offers insight on how supply chain decisions affect strategy. Because Gap desires to use a hybrid strategy various aspects of Fishers input are critical to the success of the organisation. Our Supplier goals will equate to those of Benetton and that is to share market research jointly and develop products and options. Our Primary selection criteria however will select primarily for capacity, speed and flexibility. Gap would need to invest aggressively to reduce production lead time while use product design that lead to low setup time and rapid production ramp-up. 6.0 Inventory Management Effective supply chain management that is aligned to both a well-structured operational and corporate strategy has ensured that Zara remains highly profitable. It has also meant that it (Zara) can continue to build on its in-house production and inventory management systems. Backed by advanced technologies and inventory optimisation models Zara has been able to improve on its efficacy. To this end, Zara has a failure rate of 1% compared to the industry of 10%. The experiences that we have faced as an organisation in managing inventory has greatly performance because our 10% error rate in our clothing collection is very high and makes us very uncompetitive. In-part our many-supplier strategy is to be the cause of theses failures while in turn the fact that suppliers are many, makes the handling and processing of inventory very difficult from inbound logistics of raw material inventory to delivery of finished goods inventory. Two categories of inventory posses the biggest threat to our organisation and are a major concern. These are the management of raw material inventory and finished goods inventory. It is key to note that in line with changes in supply change, a review of our customer satisfaction (refer to Goods and service design à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦) suppliers, production schedules and human resource planning are key in achieving success in inventory management as noted by Heizer and Render (2011). Poor record keeping of inventory has also been a major problem this has been caused by the huge stock of unsold items returned from own store retail chains in exchange of in-season stocks. While the existing many-supplier strategy has also increased stock and warehouse as lead times for stocks continue to negatively affect stock holding levels and record keeping. This also in turn increases holding stock costs and insurance charges while our competitors especially Zara centralised distribution warehouses hold stock for only 72 hours. A very effective and simple system to implement in store is a two -bin system. It is the view of the executive that going back to basics in inventory control will play a critical role in ensuring that we succeed in tracking and monitoring stock movement for the group. If is difficult to worry about more scientific approaches such as probabilistic models when the major challenge is that we have excess stock of clothing lines that have not been sold. Art P eck the former CE for Gap the Northern American rightfully notes Unless we put cute clothes in front of our customer on the shelfà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã ¦everything else we do isnt going to matter. 7.0 Scheduling Contracting manufacturing has created major challenges for our organisation in the past, as lead times have been long, late deliveries and prevention of out-of stock situations become an on going exercise. Lessons from the industry have shown the need to restructure our scheduling in line with proposed changes in supply chain and inventory management. According to Heizer and Render (2011), the scheduling decision addresses the problem of matching productivity to fluctuating demands. It is however important to note that different processes suggest different approaches to scheduling. Based on our selected strategy and the position taken by our competitors such as Zara and HM, it is important that we build on process focused facilities in the medium to long term period as we seek to centralise our operations. This means that we generate a forward-looking schedule, where MRP generates due dates that are refined with finite capacity scheduling techniques as noted by Heizer and Render (201 1). Automated scheduling systems will be put in place with trained and competent personnel. This is necessary to ensure that accurate and relevant production database is maintained throughout the entire organisation. Therefore in the first few months of operationalising the CE and Operations Director will review item master file, routing file, work-centre master file to ensure that scheduling is down to satisfactory standards (something that my predecessors failed to effectively manage). In own store retail structures Gap will employ a strategy current used by Zara to effectively manage staff. This method involves cyclical scheduling as it has been proven to reduce man-hours and increase staff motivation. Software to perform scheduled staff based on stores forecasted sales volumes with location staffing even during peak periods has been identified and been purchased to achieve the above requirement of cyclical scheduling at own store retail locations. Feasible and efficient schedules of production must be developed, the demands of human resources and facilities must be determined and controlled Heizer and Render (2011). 8.0 Conclusion and Recommendations The above analysis has clearly shown that change is eminent within the organisation. It is important to note that this change is radical and has to be implemented immediately. The criticality of the operation strategy (like all other major programs such as the balanced score card) demands that executives are tasked with specific duties and responsibility to ensure its success. To this end, executive management must ensure that operational decisions assigned to them be coordinated and communicated effectively among all operational structures and divisions (a schedule for the critical implementation has been shown below). The major concern from a marketing perspective is our failure to provide customers with products that clearly meet their specific needs and or tastes. The ever-changing business environment and increased competitiveness globally has also worked against the firm. However, from a purely operational perspective this has meant that we need to change our operating model an d ensure that it is aligned to the broad corporate strategy. In this regard the most effective strategy will be a hybrid response and differentiation strategy. This strategy will be different to the traditional cost leadership strategy within Gap. Our focus and competitive advantage as an organisation has thus shifted from just become cheaper to becoming better and faster. This means that we are aligning to changes in customer needs, increasing global competitiveness and a dynamic business environment. Key aspects of differentiation that will be incorporated are innovative design and a shopping experience unmatched to competition whilst the response aspect of our strategy will ensure flexible manufacturing reliability in our inventory, supply chain and scheduling structures and quickness in process design (as this will now be a lean structure). Key Operations Decision Major activities to be conducted Responsibility Due Date Design of Goods Process and capacity design Location Selection Layout design Supply Chain Management Inventory Management Scheduling The success of the Operational Strategy will not solely be based on its adoption and approval by the board but also by the need and realisation that it has to be implemented. However, implementation will also involve change, Burnes (2004), effective communication, Thill and Bovee (2001), internal marketing, Keegan (2001) and redefinition of reward systems and performance culture, Hitt, Black and Porter (2004). These critical success factors will help build on trust, ownership, teamwork and transparency while ensuring the successful implementation of the Operational Strategy. 8.1 Performance culture Reid (2005), sums up a performance culture that Gap must adopt to achieve a credible performance learning system these are: Openness and trust: candor must be encouraged and managers have to be willing to speak the unspeakable. Trust produces an environment where there is less defensiveness when issues are raised; people react more honestly and ask questions. Managed differences: conflicts are addressed and unfulfilled commitments exposed, options and alternatives are looked at without predetermined outcomes. Simplicity and focus: there is focus on implementation, with clarity and precision defining what needs to be accomplished and how. There is commitment at every level to remove complexity from the way of doing business. Playing to peoples strengths: leaders know their people and match effectively talent and task, as they understand their peoples strengths and how best to elicit them. 8.2 Internal marketing Internal marketing must become part of the on-going process within Gap. This will involve functional process alignment, motivation and empowerment of employees at all levels to consistently deliver and satisfy customer experience. Internal marketing must empower employees and give them accountability and responsibility because it helps non-marketing staff to learn and be able to perform their tasks in a marketing-like manner. For the internal marketing to be effective, employees must internalise the core values of the organisation. Sponsors can print t-shirts, caps and merchandise to give employees to wear every Friday so that they remember the importance of the project. 8.3 Reward systems To address motivation and morale within Gap there is need to initial review the existing reward and performance bonus scheme. The traditional approach of linking this to bottom line heavily undermines long term sustainability of the organization, as managers and employees race to meet target. Having worked in operations, the risk is made high as we near the festive season sales personnel dump long shelf life products on customers (on the basis that they will be in critical short supply) so as to meet targets. This works well until two months down the line, customers either refuse to replenish orders and or return product because it is nearing expiration. These losses are usually only accounted for way after the productivity bonuses have been paid out and annual accounts drawn. Whilst it is important to inform or remind employees what results are desired and motivate them to achieve and exceed the performance targets, the performance learning system (balance score card will help addre ss ensure this is done with great transparency). To achieve the above, sponsors through the HR department must ensure: Drafting job description based on process requirements and characteristics Translating process goals and action plans, personal training and development requirements into personal performance measures. Defining appropriate performance targets based on known capability and desired characteristics. Formally appraising performance against the range of measures developed and compare with target performance. Rewarding and recognizing superior performance. A balance must be struck in selection of reward system mix for both long term and short term success of Gap. Thus, in the short-term, rewards such as bonuses, commissions and piece-rate payments can be used long-term rewards can constitute stock based incentives i.e. stock options, stock appreciation rights and phantom stock plans. 8.4 Change Management Having internally marketed the adoption of the Balanced Scorecard as a PMM system, performance measure owners, must manage the change process. The change being implemented in Gap is planned as it is being consciously embarked upon, Burnes (2006). Stages of the planned change will entail: exploration, planning, action and integration. During each stage identified above it will be necessary for performance measure owners to involve employees for the change process to be successful. The change process reinforces behaviors that are aligned to Gaps objectives through feedback and full utilization of the reward system being created. However, in the implementation of the balance scorecard and in effecting change as a critical success factor to the entire project barriers might impede the successful execution of the project. According to Burnes (2006) the barriers to effective change programs are: competing resources, functional boundaries, change management skills, communication, Them and us- the opposition element, people needs and training, unrealistic timetables, resistance to change and initiative fatigue These factors can occur at any stage and can affect employees both the general labour force and even managers and the executive. To overcoming these barriers, Burnes (2006) proposes communication, ability to establish high trust relationships, negotiation, Influencing and build on self confidence. Mikehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05370988468806990806noreply@blogger.com0